Isigulana sokuqala somhlaza wemiphunga e-UK sifumana isitofu sokugonya se-mRNA i-BNT116  

I-BNT116 kunye ne-LungVax ngabaviwa bokugonya umhlaza wemiphunga kwi-nucleic acid - eyokuqala isekwe kwitekhnoloji ye-mRNA efana "nogonyo lwe-COVID-19 mRNA" olufana ne-BNT162b2 ye-Pfizer/BioNTech kunye ne-Moderna's mRNA-1273 ngelixa isitofu sokugonya seLungVax sifana ne-Oxford / AstraZe -19 isitofu sokugonya. Itekhnoloji efanayo iyasetyenziswa ukuphuhlisa unyango lwamajoni omzimba kunye nogonyo lothintelo kumhlaza wemiphunga ngokunjalo. Ngoku, isigulana somhlaza wemiphunga sifumene isitofu sokugonya sokuqala se-BNT116 mRNA kulingo lwezonyango lokufunda unyango lwe-immunotherapy kumhlaza wemiphunga ongeyonxalenye encinci (NSCLC) kwiSibhedlele sase-UCL eLondon.   

Isigulana somhlaza wemiphunga e-UK sifumene isitofu sokugonya se-mRNA somhlaza wemiphunga ongeyonxalenye encinci (NSCLC) kulingo lwezonyango.  

Olu gonyo lubizwa ngokuba yi- BNT116 kwaye lwenziwa yiBioNTech, inkampani ye-biotech yaseJamani. Lusekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-mRNA obasetyenziswa ngexesha lobhubhane ukuvelisa "i-COVID-19 mRNA vaccines" ezifana ne-BNT162b2 yePfizer/BioNTech kunye ne-Moderna's mRNA-1273.

Ugonyo lophando lwe-BNT116, njengezinye izitofu ezisekelwe kwi-mRNA kunye nonyango, lisebenzisa i-RNA yesithunywa esinekhowudi echaza ii-antigens (iimpawu zethumba eziqhelekileyo kulo mzekelo) emzimbeni obangela ukuphendula komzimba kunye nokulwa neeseli zomhlaza. Kule meko, umgqatswa wesitofu sokugonya i-BNT116 ubonelela nge-immunotherapy kwisigulana. Ngokungafaniyo nechemotherapy, ejolise kuzo zombini iiseli ezinomhlaza kunye nezisempilweni, impendulo yokhuselo lomzimba ngolu gonyo lophando ijolise kuphela kwiiseli ezinomhlaza.  

Ulingo lujolise ekubhaliseni izigulane kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza wemiphunga yeseli engeyincinci i-NSCLC ukufunda ukuba i-BNT116 ikhuselekile kwaye inyamezeleke kakuhle xa ilawulwa njenge-monotherapy okanye idityaniswe nolunye unyango olusekiweyo ukulinganisa nayiphi na impembelelo ye-synergistic.   

Esinye isitofu sokugonya esisekelwe kwi-nucleic acid esiphuhliswayo e-UK yi -LungVax vaccine , okanye ngokuthe ngqo, i-ChAdOx2-lungvax-NYESO vaccine . Esi sitofu senzelwe izigulana ezisengozini yomhlaza wemiphunga omtsha okanye ophinda ubuye we-non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Esi sitofu siqulethe i-DNA coding ye-cancer cell marker kwaye sisebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. I-ChAdOx2 (i-Chimpanzee Adenovirus Oxford 1) isebenzisa i-adenovirus eyenziwe ngokwemfuza njenge-vector yokuthwala i-gene ye-cancer cell markers (MAGE-A3 kunye ne-NYESO) ezivezwa kwiiseli zomntu ezisebenza njenge-antigens zophuhliso olusebenzayo lokuzikhusela kumhlaza.

Ulingo lwezonyango lwe-LungVax isitofu sokugonya (i-ChAdOx2-lungvax-NYESO) luya kuvavanya ukuba ulawulo lwayo lungcono ukukhusela umhlaza wemiphunga we-cell (NSCLC) ongeyena omncinci kunokuthi "akukho sitofu".  

Iiseli zomhlaza wemiphunga ziyohluka kwiiseli zemiphunga eziqhelekileyo ngokuba neoantigens kumphezulu weeseli zazo ezenza utshintsho olubangela umhlaza ngaphakathi kweDNA yeseli. Ugonyo lwe-BNT116 kunye neLungVax luvakalisa iineoantigens emzimbeni ezithi ziqale amajoni omzimba ukuqaphela iineoantigens njengezingezo- Isiqu sakho ngaloo ndlela sibangela impendulo yokhuselo lomzimba ukuthomalalisa iiseli zomhlaza wemiphunga.  

Bamalunga ne-1.6 yezigidi zabantu ababulawa ngumhlaza wemiphunga minyaka le. Yeyona nto iphambili ekuswelekeni okunxulumene nomhlaza kwihlabathi liphela. Umhlaza wemiphunga weseli engeyiyo encinci (NSCLC) ubalelwa kwi-85% yazo zonke iimeko zomhlaza wemiphunga. Utyando, ichemotherapy kunye neradiotherapy zisebenza ngokulinganiselweyo ekuphuculeni amazinga okusinda kungoko kukho imfuneko yeendlela ezintsha zonyango kunye nothintelo lomhlaza wemiphunga. Kutshanje, itekhnoloji ye-mRNA kunye nezitofu ezisekelwe kwi-DNA zibonakalise ukubaluleka kwazo ekujonganeni nobhubhane we-COVID-19. Itekhnoloji efanayo iyasetyenziswa ukuphuhlisa unyango lwamajoni omzimba kunye nogonyo lothintelo kumhlaza wemiphunga ngokunjalo. Amathemba aphezulu ancanyathiselwe kulingo lwezonyango lwe-BNT116 kunye nogonyo lomhlaza wemiphunga weLungVax.  

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Iingxelo:  

1. Iindaba ze-UCLH-Isigulana sokuqala sase-UK sifumana isitofu sokugonya somhlaza wemiphunga. Ipapashwe nge-23 Agasti 2024. Ifumaneka e https://www.uclh.nhs.uk/news/first-uk-patient-receives-innovative-lung-cancer-vaccine  

2. Iindaba zeYunivesithi yaseOxford-Inkxaso-mali entsha yophuhliso lweyeza lokuqala lehlabathi lokugonya umhlaza wemiphunga. Ipapashwe nge-22 Matshi 2024. Ifumaneka e https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2024-03-22-new-funding-development-worlds-first-lung-cancer-vaccine  & https://www.ndm.ox.ac.uk/news/developing-the-worlds-first-lung-cancer-vaccine  

3. IYunivesithi yaseOxford. LungVax. Ifumaneka e https://www.oncology.ox.ac.uk/clinical-trials/oncology-clinical-trials-office-octo/prospective-trials/lungvax & https://www.hra.nhs.uk/planning-and-improving-research/application-summaries/research-summaries/phase-iiia-trial-of-chadox1-mva-vaccines-against-mage-a3-ny-eso-1/  

4. Wang, X., Niu, Y. & Bian, F. Inkqubela phambili yezitofu zokugonya ithumba kulingo lwezonyango kumhlaza wemiphunga weseli ongeyonxalenye encinci. Clin Transl Oncol (2024). Ipapashwe nge-23 ka-Agasti 2024. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-024-03678-z 

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Amanqaku afanelekileyo  

• I-Slf-amplifying mRNAs (saRNAs): Iplatform yeRNA yesiZukulwana esilandelayo seZitofu (Nge-19 kaDisemba 2022) 

• I-HIV/AIDS: Isitofu sokugonya se-mRNA siBonisa iSithembiso kuVavanyo lwaphambi konyango  (2 Matshi 2022) 

• Itekhnoloji ye-RNA: ukusuka kuGonyo oluchasene ne-COVID-19 ukuya kuNyango lweSifo seCharcot-Marie-Tooth (4 February 2022) 

• UGonyo lwe-COVID-19 mRNA: Imbali yeNzululwazi kunye noTshintsho loMdlalo kuNyango (Nge-29 kaDisemba 2020) 

• I-mRNA-1273: Isitofu sokugonya seModerna Inc. ye-mRNA ngokuchasene neNoveli yeCoronavirus ibonisa iziphumo eziNcedayo. (19 Meyi 2020)  

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