Uphononongo lubonise iibhaktheriya ezihlala zifumaneka eluswini lwethu zisebenza "njengomaleko" wokhuseleko kumhlaza
Ukwenzeka kwe umdlavuza wesikhumba iye yanda ngokuthe ngcembe kumashumi eminyaka adluleyo. Ulusu umhlaza Iindidi ezimbini - i-melanoma kunye ne-non-melanoma. Olona hlobo luxhaphakileyo ngumhlaza wolusu we-melanoma obangela iimeko ezizigidi ezi-2 kunye ne-3 kwihlabathi jikelele minyaka le. I-non-melanoma ayilona hlobo luxhaphakileyo kwaye ichaphazela i-130,000 kwihlabathi jikelele kodwa inobungozi kuba inokusasazeka. Inye kwabathathu i cancer Ufunyaniswa kwihlabathi jikelele ngumhlaza wolusu. Ulusu lwethu lelona lungu lomzimba likhulu kwaye likwalelona libalulekileyo njengoko ligubungela wonke umzimba kwaye lisikhusela kwizinto ezinobungozi zangaphandle njengelanga, ubushushu obungaqhelekanga, iintsholongwane, uthuli njl njl. Ulusu lunoxanduva lokulawula ubushushu bomzimba wethu kwaye lususe ukubila umzimba wethu. Yenza okubalulekileyo vitamin D kwaye ngokumangalisayo, ulusu lusinika imvakalelo yokuchukumisa. Oyena nobangela wolusu umhlaza kukuchanabeka kakhulu kwimitha yelanga eyingozi. Njengoko i-ozone layer kwiatmosfera yethu iyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe umaleko okhuselayo uyahamba ukhokelela kwimitha yelanga yeUV (ultra-violet) ukuba ifikelele kumphezulu womhlaba. I-Melanoma umhlaza, eqala kwiiseli zolusu ezivelisa umbala, ibangelwa utshintsho olungaqhelekanga eluswini xa nomhlaza iiseli ziqalisa ukukhula yaye eyona nto iphambili inxulumene ngandlel’ ithile nokuchanabeka komntu elangeni nembali yawo yokutshiswa lilanga. Ulusu olungelulo lwe-melanoma umhlaza iqala kwiiseli ze ulusu kwaye ikhule itshabalalisa inyama ekufutshane. Olu hlobo lwe umhlaza Ngokuqhelekileyo ayisasazeki kwamanye amalungu omzimba (i-metastasize) kodwa umhlaza we-melanoma.
Uphando olupapashwe kwi Uphuhliso lwezesayensi ichaza indima entsha enokubakho ye intsholongwane eluswini lwethu ekusikhuseleni umhlaza. Abaphandi kwi-UC San Diego School of Medicine, eU.SA bachonge uhlobo lwe intsholongwane I-Staphylococcus epidermidis exhaphake kakhulu efumaneka kuyo enempilo ulusu lomntu. Olu hlobo lukhethekileyo lwesikhumba intsholongwane kubonwa ukuthintela ukukhula (ukubulala) kweentlobo ezininzi ze i cancer ngokuvelisa i-chemical compound - 6-N-hydroxyaminopurine (6-HAP) kwiigundane. Kwacaca ukuba ziimpuku kuphela ezinale nto intsholongwane ubunzima eluswini lwabo kwaye ngaloo ndlela benza 6-HAP akazange abe ulusu amathumba emva kokuba evezwe kuwo umhlaza kubangela imitha ye-UV. Imolekyuli yeekhemikhali 6-HAP ngokusisiseko iphazamisa i-synthesis (indalo) ye-DNA ngaloo ndlela ithintela ukusasazeka kweeseli zethumba kwaye icinezela nophuhliso lwamathumba amatsha esikhumba. Iimpuku zatofwa nge-6-HAP rhoqo kwiiyure ezingama-48 kwisithuba seeveki ezimbini. Uxinzelelo alunatyhefu kwaye aluchaphazeli iiseli eziqhelekileyo ezisempilweni ngelixa unciphisa amathumba asele ekhona malunga neepesenti ezingama-50. Ababhali bathi i intsholongwane Uxinzelelo longeza "omnye umaleko" wokhuseleko eluswini lwethu umhlaza.
Olu phononongo lubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba "i-microbiome yesikhumba" yinto ebalulekileyo yokhuseleko olunikezwa lusu. Ulusu oluthile intsholongwane sele zisaziwa ngokuvelisa iipeptides ezilwa neentsholongwane ezikhusela ulusu lwethu ekuhlaselweni yi-pathogenic intsholongwane. Uphononongo olongezelelweyo luyafuneka ukuze kuqondwe ukusebenza kwe-6-HAP kunye nokuba ngokufanelekileyo ingasetyenziswa njengendlela yokuthintela ngokuchaseneyo. umhlaza.
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Umthombo (s)
Nakatsuji T et al. 2018. I-commensal strain ye-Staphylococcus epidermidis ikhusela kwi-neoplasia yesikhumba. Uphuhliso lwezesayensi. 4(2). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aao4502
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