Kukho iingxelo zokuqhambuka kosulelo lwe-Human Metapneumovirus (hMPV) kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi. Ngasemva kwesibetho samva nje se-COVID-19, ukuqhambuka kwe-hMPV kumazwe aliqela kubangela inkxalabo phakathi kwabantu. Nangona kunjalo, ukonyuka okubonwayo kwiimeko zosulelo lwentsholongwane yokuphefumla, kubandakanywa usulelo lwe-hMPV kumazwe ahlukeneyo luqwalaselwa kuluhlu olulindelekileyo ngeli xesha lonyaka ebusika.
Malunga nokunyuka kwamatyala eTshayina, iZiko laseYurophu loThintelo noLawulo lweZifo (ECDC) libhengeze ukuba “imeko yangoku ye-epidemiological e-China ibonisa ukunyuka kwexesha losulelo lokuphefumla olubangelwa zizifo eziqhelekileyo zokuphefumla kwaye ayifaki nayiphi na inkxalabo ethile ye-EU / EEA.".
Ngexesha leenyanga ezibandayo ebusika, i-Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) ijikeleza rhoqo kwi-EU/EEA. Ke, imeko yangoku ayibonakali ingaqhelekanga.
Mhlawumbi, uqhambuko lwakutsha nje lube ngenxa yetyala lomzimba okanye ukunqongophala komzimba okunxulunyaniswa nokuqaliswa kongenelelo olungelulo olwamayeza (NPI) njengokuhamba ngokwasemzimbeni, ukuhlala wedwa kunye nokuhlaliswa yedwa ngexesha Covid-19 isifo esikho elizweni jikelele. Kucingelwa ukuba imilinganiselo ye-NPI ibe nefuthe kwi-epidemiology yosulelo oluninzi.
I-Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) yintsholongwane ye-RNA enemisonto enye, egqunyiweyo eyeye Pneumoviridae intsapho, kunye ne-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Yafunyanwa ngo-2001 ngoogqirha bentsholongwane baseDatshi kwizigulana zokuphefumla.
I-hMPV inamaqela amabini ofuzo - A kunye no-B; nganye ineendidi ezimbini ze-subgenetic, okt A1 kunye no-A2; I-B1 kunye ne-B2. Kukho amaqela amahlanu ajikelezayo asele ekho amashumi eminyaka. Ngokwengxelo yamva nje, imigca emibini yenoveli i-A2.2.1 kunye ne-A2.2.2 iye yavela eqaqambisa ukuvela kwayo. Nangona kunjalo, utshintsho luhamba kancinci, kwaye i-hMPV ayijongwa njengento enokubakho ubhubhane. Oku kungenxa yokuba le ntsholongwane ikuluntu amashumi eminyaka kungoko kuya kubakho ukugonywa komhlambi kuyo. Iindyikityha zobhubhane zinxulunyaniswa nokungena kwenoveli pathogen kubemi apho abantu bangena sesichengeni ngenxa yoko kungabikho ukhuselo lomzimba.
I-hMPV yenye yeentsholongwane ezibangela ukuba umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo wenze abantu abachaphazelekileyo bagule kancinci kwaye usasazeke ngamasuntswana amathontsi okuphefumla ukusuka kubantu abachaphazelekayo ukuya kwabanye. Ngokuqhelekileyo ichaphazela iintsana kunye nabantwana, abantu abadala kunye nabantu abangenayo i-immunocompromised. Uthintelo lwe-hMPV lufana nothintelo lolunye usulelo lokuphefumla olufana nokunxiba iimaski, ukuhlamba izandla, ukuhlala ekhaya xa ugula njalo njalo. Akukho sitofu esivunyiweyo sothintelo lwe-hMPV. Uxilongo luvavanyo lwe-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Unyango ngokubonelela ngoncedo lwezonyango oluxhasayo. Okwangoku, alikho ichiza elithile le-antiviral lokunyanga usulelo lwe-hMPV.
***
Iingxelo:
- I-WHO. Iindlela zosulelo olubukhali lokuphefumla, kubandakanywa ne-metapneumovirus yabantu, kwi-Northern Hemisphere. 7 January 2025. Ifumaneka e https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2025-DON550
- Iziko laseYurophu loThintelo noLawulo lweZifo. Iindaba - Ukonyuka kwezifo zokuphefumla e-China. Ithunyelwe nge-8 kaJanuwari 2025. Iyafumaneka e https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/news-events/increase-respiratory-infections-china
- Ukuqhambuka eTshayina ngenxa ye-HMPV: Ngaba “ityala lokhuselo lomzimba” linokulichaza? JEFI [Intanethi]. 6 January 2025. Ifumaneka ku: https://efi.org.in/journal/index.php/JEFI/article/view/59
- UDevanathan N., et al. Imigca ekhulayo ye-A2.2.1 kunye ne-A2.2.2 ye-metapneumovirus yabantu (hMPV) kwizifo zokuphefumula zabantwana: Iingcamango ezivela eIndiya. Imimandla ye-IJID. Umqulu 14, Matshi 2025, 100486. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100486
- I-WHO. Usulelo lwe-metapneumovirus yabantu (hMPV). Ipapashwe nge-10 kaJanuwari 2025. Ifumaneka e https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/human-metapneumovirus-(hmpv)-infection/
***
