Uphononongo olutsha kwiimpuku lubonisa ukuba ukulala ngokwaneleyo ubusuku ngabunye kunokubonelela ngokhuseleko kwizifo zentliziyo.
Ukufumana okwaneleyo ukulala licebiso eliqhelekileyo elinikelwa ngoogqirha njengoko linxulunyaniswa nokugcina impilo entle. Xa umntu elala ngokwaneleyo, baziva benamandla kwaye behlaziyekile ukuqala usuku lwabo kwaye ukungabikho kokulala ngokwaneleyo kwandisa umngcipheko wezigulo. Ukudunga i ukulala ngoku yingxaki yempilo echaphazela abantu abakubudala obahlukahlukeneyo nesini. Uphononongo oluninzi luye lwenziwa kwizilwanyana nakubantu ukuqonda inzuzo yokulala. Ukulala kucingelwa ukuba kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni kwethu, imemori, ukufunda njl. Ukulala ngokwaneleyo kukwabonwa kubalulekile ukugcina intliziyo yethu impilo ngokulawula umngcipheko wokuvaleka kwemithambo enokukhokelela ekubeni intliziyo ukuhlasela okanye istroke. Izifo zentliziyo ngoyena nobangela wokufa kwabantu kwihlabathi liphela. I-85 yepesenti yokufa kwe-cardiovascular kwenzeka ngenxa ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye istroke. Iimeko ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi okanye isifo seswekile zonyusa umngcipheko wentliziyo izifo. Abantu abasengozini okanye abasemngciphekweni wezifo zentliziyo kufuneka bachongwe kwangethuba kunye nolawulo ukuze kugcinwe iimeko ezingalunganga. Uninzi lwezifo zentliziyo zithintelwa ngokutshintsha kwendlela yokuphila njengokutya okunempilo, umthambo, ukuphepha icuba kunye notywala.
Umbutho phakathi kokulala kunye nezifo zentliziyo kwiimpuku
Imithambo yegazi - imithambo yethu yegazi - ihambisa ioksijini kunye nezondlo zethu intliziyo ukuphumla komzimba. Xa imithambo yethu iba mxinwa ngenxa yokwakheka kweplaque (i-fatty acids deposits), imeko leyo ibizwa ngokuba yi<em>atherosclerosis (okanye ukuqina kwemithambo) eyenza imithambo ithande ukugqabhuka. Uphononongo olutsha olupapashwe kwi indalo ejolise ekuqondeni umanyano phakathi kokulala okanye kunoko ukungabi nabuthongo kunye nezifo zentliziyo ngokujonga indlela entsha ye-atherosclerosis. Abaphandi bachaze indlela yokuba ukunqongophala kokulala ngokwaneleyo kunokunyusa ukuveliswa kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (i-WBCs) eziyeyona nto inegalelo elikhulu kumntu ophuhla i-atherosclerosis njengoko zinegalelo ekukhuleni kwe-plaque. Kuvavanyo, iimpuku zenziwa ubunjineli bofuzo ukuphuhlisa isifo sokuqina kwemithambo-luvo njengoko ezi zilwanyana zazityekele kwi-artery plaque. Iigundane zaziphantsi kokuphazamiseka rhoqo ebuthongweni bazo ngengxolo okanye ukungakhululeki rhoqo kwimizuzu ye-2 ngexesha elifunekayo le-12-iyure yokulala. Ngenxa yoko, ezi mpuku zingakwazi ukulala eziye zalala iiveki ezili-12 zokuphazamiseka kokulala zavelisa iiplagi ezinkulu ze-arterial kunye nenani eliphezulu leeseli ezikrala njenge-monocytes kunye ne-neutrophils xa kuthelekiswa neempuku ezazinobuthongo obuqhelekileyo. Ukwakhiwa kwe-plaque kwakhokelela kwi-atherosclerosis kwimithambo yegazi. Kwakhona, kukho ukwanda okuphindwe kabini kwimveliso yeeseli zokhuselo lomzimba kumongo wethambo okukhokelela kwii-WBCs ezininzi. Akukho lutshintsho lubonwe ekuzuzeni ubunzima, i-cholesterol okanye amanqanaba okunyamezela kweglucose
Abaphandi bachonge ihomoni ebuchotsheni ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypocretin eyaziwa ngokulawula ubuthongo kunye nokuvuka kuba ibonwa kumanqanaba aphezulu xa izilwanyana okanye abantu bevukile. Le hormone, eveliswa ngokubonisa i-molecule ye-hypothalamus, yafunyanwa ukulawula ukuveliswa kwee-WBCs kumongo wethambo ngokusebenzisana ne-neutrophil progenitors. I-neutrophils yenza imveliso ye-monocyte ngokukhupha iprotheni ebizwa ngokuba yi-CSF-1. Iigundane ezazingenalo i-gene yale proteni ziqinisekisile ukuba i-hormone hypocretin ilawula ukubonakaliswa kwe-CSF-1, ukuveliswa kwe-monocytes kunye nokuphuhliswa kwe-plaque kwi-arteries. Amanqanaba ale hormone ancitshiswe kakhulu kwiigundane ezingalaliyo ezikhokelela ekunyuseni kwemveliso ye-CSF-1 ngama-neutrophils, ukwanda kwe-monocytes kwaye ngaloo ndlela i-atherosclerosis ehamba phambili. Ke ngoko, i-hormone ye-hypocretin ngumlamli ovuthayo obonakalayo odlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni kwizifo zentliziyo.
Olu phononongo luya kufuneka lwandiswe ebantwini (kuba iimpuku kunye neendlela zokulala zomntu zisenokungafani) phambi kokuba i-hypocretin isetyenziswe ngonyango. Kungenzeka ukuba ubuthongo bujongene ngqo nokulawulwa kweeseli ezivuthayo kumongo wethambo kunye nempilo yonke yemithambo yethu yegazi. Ukungabikho kokulala ngokwaneleyo kuchaphazela olu lawulo lwemveliso yeeseli ezivuthayo ezinokukhokelela ekuvukeni okuphezulu kunye nokunye intliziyo izifo. Inokwenzeka nokuba ezinye izinto ezinobungozi ezifana nokutyeba kakhulu kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi zilawulwa. Ukuqonda iindlela ezisisiseko zendlela ukulala okuchaphazela ngayo impilo yabantu kunokunceda ukuyila iindlela ezintsha zonyango.
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Umthombo (s)
UMcAlpine CS et al. 2019. Ukulala kulungelelanisa i-haematopoiesis kwaye ikhusela kwi-atherosclerosis. indalo 566. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-0948-2
