Oosonzululwazi baphuhlise imathiriyeli efanelekileyo ukuze isetyenziswe kwiijenereyitha zombane ze-thermo-electric esekwe kwi-'anomalous Nernst effect (ANE)' esonyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kombane wombane. Ezi zixhobo zinokunxitywa ngokukhululekileyo kwiimilo eziguquguqukayo kunye nobukhulu ukunika amandla izixhobo ezincinci, ngaloo ndlela zibuyisela endaweni yazo. iibhetri.
Impembelelo ye-Thermo-electric ibandakanya ukuguqulwa phakathi kwamandla obushushu kunye nombane; ebizwa ngokuba yi-Seebeck effect, xa ubushushu buguqulwa bube bubuchule bombane ekudibaneni kweentsimbi ezimbini ezingafaniyo kwaye, umva ubizwa ngokuba yi-Peltier effect, oko kukuthi, ukuguqulwa kwamandla ombane ukuya ekuveliseni ubushushu.
Ubushushu buninzi, yaye maxa wambi buyachitheka, obunokuvunwa ukuze kusetyenziswe izixhobo zombane. Bekukho iinzame ezininzi kwixesha elidlulileyo zokuphuhlisa ubuchwepheshe obunokuthengisa ukuvuna ubushushu. Lowo usekwe kwi-Seebeck effect ayikwazanga ukubona ukukhanya kosuku ngenxa yemida emininzi.
Into eyaziwa kancinci ebizwa ngokuba yi I-Anomal Nernst Effect (ANE), oko kukuthi, ukusetyenziswa kweqondo lobushushu kwisixhobo semagnethi kuvelisa amandla ombane alungeleleneyo ukuqukuqela kobushushu kwaye bekukhe kwasetyenziswa kwixesha elidlulileyo ukuvuna ubushushu kunye nokuguqulelwa kwabo kumbane. Nangona kunjalo, amandla ayo anqunyelwe ngenxa yokufuna izinto ezifanelekileyo ezingenayo ityhefu, ezifumaneka lula kunye nezingabizi kakhulu.
Ukukhangelwa kwezi zinto zilungileyo kubonakala kuphelile ngoku! Abaphandi baye baxela kutshanje ukwenza i-alloy engeyona ityhefu, ifumaneka lula, ingabizi kwaye ithambile ngokwaneleyo ukuba yenziwe kwiifilimu ezincinci ukuze zihambelane neemfuno. Ukusebenzisa inkqubo ye-doping, abaphandi benza Fe3Al okanye FE3Ga (i-75% yentsimbi kunye ne-25% ye-aluminium okanye i-gallium). Xa le nto isetyenzisiweyo, i-voltage eyenziwe yanda ngamaxesha angama-20.
Le mathiriyeli isanda kuphuhliswa ibonakala ithembisa kakhulu kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukuyila izinto ezibhityileyo nezithambileyo ezikwaziyo ukuvuna isityalo. inkunkuma ubushushu ngokufanelekileyo ukuguqula amandla ombane, anele ngokwaneleyo kumandla izixhobo ezincinci.
Ukufunyaniswa kwesi sixhobo sichaneke ngokweepropati, sinokwenzeka ngenxa yobukho besantya esiphezulu, ubuchwephesha bezibalo ezizenzekelayo, ukoyisa ngokufanelekileyo imida yendlela yakudala yophuhliso lwemathiriyeli esekwe 'kuphindaphindo' kunye 'nophuculo' .
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Imithombo:
1. IYunivesithi yaseTokyo 2020. Ukukhutshwa kweendaba. Into eninzi yokunika amandla izixhobo ezincinci. Ijenereyitha ebhityileyo, esekwe kwintsimbi isebenzisa ubushushu obumdaka ukunika amandla amancinci. Ithunyelwe nge-28 ka-Epreli 28. Iyafumaneka kwi-intanethi https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/focus/en/press/z0508_00106.html Ifikeleleke nge-08 Meyi 2020.
2. Sakai, A., Minami, S., Koretsune, T. et al. Iron-based ferromagnets yokubini yokuguqulwa kwe-thermoelectric enqamlezayo. Indalo 581, 53-57 (2020). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2230-z
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