Uphononongo lubonise isisombululo esinokwehla nesifikelelekayo sokubamba ngokuthe ngqo ikhabhoni idioksidi evela emoyeni kunye nokujongana nekhabhoni
Umoya omdaka (CO2) yigesi enkulu ye-greenhouse kunye nomqhubi obalulekileyo wokutshintsha kwemozulu. Irhasi yegreenhouse emoyeni iyakwazi ukufunxa imitha ye-infrared. Ngokusebenzisa oku kubanjwa, ibamba kwaye ibambe ubushushu kunye nokwanda kobu bushushu bubangela impembelelo yegreenhouse ekhokelela ekugqibeleni kubushushu behlabathi. Ke ngoko, ukufunxa i-CO2 kanye ngaphandle umoya inamandla okunceda ukuthomalalisa utshintsho lwemozulu. Ukuba le CO2 ifakiweyo iphinda ikhutshelwe emoyeni (umz. xa kutshiswe ipetroli), akukho gesi entsha yegreenhouse yongezwa emoyeni. Ngokusisiseko, ukurisayikilishwa kokukhutshwa kwegesi yegreenhouse kwenzeka ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukubanjwa ngokuthe ngqo kwekharbon diokside
Kwiphononongo epapashwe kuyo Joule, umoya omdaka (CO2) eveliswa ngokutsalwa ngokuthe ngqo emoyeni inokusetyenzwa ukuze kususwe ikhabhoni. Oku kunokusenza sikwazi ukuvelisa i-carbon-neutral hydrocarbons eyona ndlela ingcono kwimithombo engena-carbon esetyenziswa ngoku njengelanga okanye umoya. Inkampani yaseKhanada ebizwa ngokuba yiCarbon Engineering, i-CO2 yokubamba kunye neshishini lamafutha acocekileyo asebenze ngentsebenziswano neYunivesithi yaseHarvard ukuphumeza oku. Le nkampani yasekwa nguNjingalwazi uDavid Keith okwangunjingalwazi weFiziksi kwiYunivesithi yaseHarvard.
Ingcamango yeteknoloji yokubamba umoya ngokuthe ngqo iqonde kakhulu. Iifeni ezinkulu zisetyenziselwa ukuzoba umoya ojikeleze ukudibana nesisombululo esimanzi esifunxa i-CO2 emoyeni, ngexabiso eliphantsi kwaye ngokuthe ngqo emva koko siyibambise. Le carbon dioxide ithi ke iye kulwelo. Ukusebenzisa ukufudumeza kunye nezinye iikhemikhali ezisabelayo le carbon dioxide iphinda itsalwe (okanye yohlulwe kulwelo). Ekugqibeleni, icarbon dioxide ngoku ilungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa ngokubhekele phaya. Umzekelo, ixutywe ne-hydrogen ukujika yonke le nto ibe ngamafutha anokutsha njengepetroli. Injongo yokugqibela kukusebenzisa le carbon njengomthombo wokwenza iikhemikhali ezixabisekileyo ezifana namafutha.
ICarbon Ubunjineli bufezekise ngempumelelo i-CO2 yokubamba kunye nokuveliswa kwamafutha. Ingcamango yokubamba umoya ngokuthe ngqo ikhona ixesha elide. Kodwa esi sisihlandlo sokuqala ukuba uphononongo lwezityalo olulingwayo oluthathela ingqalelo ukukaleka kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko luphunyezwe ngempumelelo. Isebenzisa izixhobo ezisemgangathweni zemizi-mveliso, izityalo zale nkampani zikhangeleka zikwazi ukwenza imiphanda yepetroli engama-2,000 ngosuku enokuguqulela kwiigaloni ezizigidi ezingama-30 ngonyaka kwizityalo zabo. UProf Keith ubanga ukuba ukuthathwa komoya ngokuthe ngqo kuya kuxabisa malunga ne-$94-$232 ngetoni nganye yekharbon diokside ebanjiweyo enengqiqo. Ezi ndleko ziphantsi ngokufanelekileyo xa kuthelekiswa nexabiso elibekwe kwi-$ 1000 ngetoni nganye kuhlalutyo lwethiyori olwenziwa ngamaqela ophando ahlukeneyo. Kweli xabiso liphantsi le-$94-$232 ngetoni nganye, ukubanjwa komoya ngokuthe ngqo kunokuthatha ngokulula malunga ne-2 0percent yokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni yehlabathi. Oku kukhutshwayo kusisiphumo sokubhabha, ukuqhuba kunye neemfuno zokuhamba kwihlabathi jikelele. Amafutha alungiselelwe ukusuka kule ndlela yokubamba umoya ngokuthe ngqo ayahambelana nokuhanjiswa kwamafutha ekhoyo kunye nohlobo lothutho olusetyenziswayo. Itekhnoloji iya kuhlala injalo kodwa indlela esebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nemekobume enobubele yokuhambisa obu buchwepheshe iya kuguqulwa.
Abaphandi bathi ezi ziphumo ziphunyeziwe emva kwamashumi eminyaka yobunjineli obusebenzayo kunye nohlalutyo lweendleko. Banethemba kwaye baqinisekile ukuba obu buchwepheshe busebenza, bunokwakhiwa kwaye bunokutshatyalaliswa ekuveliseni i-carbon-neutral fuels kwixesha elizayo elingekude. Inokunceda ukunciphisa Imibhalo yenyawo yekhabhoni kwaye kunokubakho ithuba lokususa ikhabhoni ngokupheleleyo ekuhambeni kwexesha. Bajonge ukugqiba uphononongo olupheleleyo kumlinganiselo omkhulu wemizi-mveliso ngo-2021. Uphononongo luvula ithuba lokuzinzisa imozulu ngexabiso elifikelelekayo nelisebenzayo ngaphandle kokuguqula kakhulu inkqubo yamandla (umz. ezothutho).
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{Unokufunda iphepha lokuqala lophando ngokunqakraza ikhonkco le-DOI elinikwe ngezantsi kuluhlu lwemithombo ecatshulweyo (s)}
Umthombo (s)
Keith et al. 2018. Inkqubo yokubamba i-CO2 ukusuka emoyeni. Joule. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.05.006
