Izazinzulu ziye zayila indalo ephefumlelweyo ikhabhoni ityhubhu ye-airgel ye-thermal insulating imathiriyeli esekwe kwi-microstructure yeenwele zebhere emhlophe. Esi sigqubuthelo sobushushu sikhaphukhaphu, silula kakhulu kwaye sisebenza ngakumbi sivula iindlela ezintsha zokugquma kwesakhiwo ngendlela eyonga amandla.
Ibhere eliyiphola iinwele zinceda isilwanyana ukuba sithintele ukulahleka kobushushu kwiimeko zemozulu ezibandayo nezifumileyo kwisangqa seArctic ebandayo. Iinwele zebhere ezimhlophe ngokwendalo azinamngxunya ngokungafaniyo neenwele zomntu okanye ezinye izilwanyana. Umsonto ngamnye weenwele unomqolo omde, oyicylindrical ohamba embindini wawo. Yile milo kunye nesithuba semingxuma enika iinwele zebhere emhlophe idyasi emhlophe eyahlukileyo. Le mingxunya ineempawu ezininzi ezifana nokubamba ubushushu obukhethekileyo, ukunganyangeki kwamanzi, ukunwebeka njl.njl nto leyo eyenza ibe yimathiriyeli efanelekileyo kakhulu ye-thermal. Amaziko angenanto anqanda intshukumo yobushushu ngelixa uyilo-bulumko esenza yonke imicu ibekhaphukhaphu kakhulu. Kwakhona, ubume obungamanzi beenwele zebhere emhlophe bugcina isilwanyana sishushu xa sidada kumaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kweqanda kwaye naphantsi kweemeko zokufuma. Iinwele zebhere emhlophe ke ngoko ngumzekelo omhle kakhulu wokuyila izinto zokwenziwa ezinokubonelela ngokukhusela kubushushu njengoko iinwele zebhere zisenza ngokwendalo.
Kuphononongo olutsha olupapashwe ngoJuni 6 ngo shem, Izazinzulu zenze i-insulator yenoveli ethatha impefumlelo kwaye ilinganisa ubume obuncinci beenwele zebhere emhlophe kwaye yiyo loo nto ifumana zonke iipropathi zayo ezizodwa. Bayila izigidi zeetyhubhu zekhabhoni ezikhaphukhaphu ezingenamngxunya, nganye ilingana nomsonto omnye kwaye bayilima kwibloko ye-airgel. Inkqubo yokuyila kuqala yaqala ngokwenza i-cable hydrogel esuka kwi-tellurium (Te) nanowires njengethemplate eyayifakwe kwi-carbon shell. Emva koko benza i-carbon tube airgel (CTA) kule hydrogel ngokuyomisa kuqala kwaye ngokulandelayo bayibale kwi-argon inert atmosphere kwi-900 °C ukususa i-Te nanowires. Olu yilo lwahlukileyo lwenza i-CTA ibe yi-insulator egqwesileyo ye-thermal kunye ne-super-elastic kwindalo njengoko iphinda ibuyele kwisantya se-1434 mm / s. Le yeyona nto ikhawulezayo xa ithelekiswa nayo yonke imathiriyeli elastiki eqhelekileyo. Ababhali babonisa ukuba inwebeka ngakumbi kuneenwele zebhere emhlophe.
Ngenxa yobume obumngxuma beetyhubhu zekhabhoni, imathiriyeli ibonisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal okugqwesileyo okungaphantsi kunomoya owomileyo ngenxa yedayamitha yangaphakathi yesixhobo esingaphantsi kwendlela yomoya yasimahla. Izinto eziphathekayo zibonise ixesha elide ngokugcina i-conductivity yayo ye-thermal emva kokugcinwa kweenyanga ezi-3 kwindawo yokushisa kwegumbi kunye ne-56% yomswakama ohambelanayo. I-CTA ilula kunye noxinzelelo lwe-8 kg / m3; Ikhaphukhaphu kunobuninzi bemathiriyeli ye-thermal ekhoyo. Ayichatshazelwa ngamanzi njengoko ingenamanzi. Kwakhona, ubume bomatshini be-CTA bugcinwa nasemva kwemijikelo emininzi yokukhutshwa koxinzelelo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo.
Uphononongo lwangoku luchaza i-airgel entsha ye-carbon tube - ephefumlelweyo kuyilo lwetyhubhu ye-polar-bhere yeenwele-esebenza njengesithinteli sobushushu esigqwesileyo. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izixhobo zokugqunyelelwa kwe-airgel ezikhoyo, oluyilo lwebhobho yebhere ephefumlelweyo lukhaphukhaphu ngobunzima, luyamelana nokuhamba kobushushu, lungenabungqina bamanzi kwaye aluthotywanga kubomi balo bonke.
Iisistim eziphuculweyo nezisebenzayo zokugquma kwe-thermal zinesithembiso sokugcina ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuqala. amandla ngoku inqabile lo gama amandla iindleko ziyakhula. Enye yeendlela zokonga amandla kukuphucula ukugquma kwe-thermal izakhiwo. Ii-aerogels sele zibonisa isithembiso esikhulu kwiintlobo ezininzi zezicelo ezinjalo. Olu phononongo luvula iindlela zokuyila izinto zokusebenza eziphezulu ezinobunzima obulula, i-super-elastic kunye ne-thermal insulating kwizicelo kwizakhiwo, ishishini le-aerospace ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezingqongileyo ezigqithiseleyo. Ngenxa yesakhono sayo solula kakhulu, isibheno sayo siphuculwe kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
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{Unokufunda iphepha lokuqala lophando ngokunqakraza ikhonkco le-DOI elinikwe ngezantsi kuluhlu lwemithombo ecatshulweyo (s)}
Umthombo (s)
Zhan, H et al. 2019. I-Biomimetic Carbon Tube Airgel yenza i-Super-Elasticity kunye ne-Thermal Insulation. Ikhem. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2019.04.025
