Uphononongo luphuhlise inoveli yesoftware yokucamngca ngedijithali enokunceda abantu abadala abasempilweni ukuba baphucule kwaye bagcine ixesha labo lokuhoya
Kubomi banamhlanje obukhawulezayo apho ukungxama kunye nokwenza izinto ezininzi kuye kusiba yinto eqhelekileyo, abantu abadala ngakumbi abancinci bajongene nemiceli mngeni emikhulu kubandakanya ukuhlwempuzeka. ixesha lokujonga, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwezemfundo / umsebenzi, ukunciphisa ukwaneliseka phakathi kweziphazamiso ezinkulu. Ingqalelo okanye ugxininiso kumsebenzi okanye isiganeko yinkqubo yokuqonda esisiseko ebaluleke kakhulu kulwazi lwethu olukumgangatho ophezulu njengenkumbulo, ukwenza izigqibo, ukuphila ngokweemvakalelo kunye nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Olunye uphononongo oluxhaswa bubungqina obuphakathi lubonise amandla okwenza isenzo kucamngca ekunciphiseni ukuxhalaba, ukudakumba kunye nentlungu okanye intlungu ngokubangela utshintsho kwingqondo.
Kuphononongo olupapashwe ngoJuni 3 ngo Ubume bendalo bokuziphatha kwabantu, abaphandi bachaza inoveli yenkqubo yokucamngca yokucamngca yedijithali ebizwa ngokuba 'I-MediTrain' egxininisa 'ingqalelo-ingqalelo' yokucamngca ngenjongo yokuyiphucula kubasebenzisi. Injongo yenkqubo kukufezekisa ingqalelo egxininisiweyo yangaphakathi kumphefumlo womntu kwaye ngelixa ujongana neziphazamiso ngempumelelo ukubuyisela ukugxila komntu ekuphefumleni. Ingcamango ephambili emva kwale nkqubo yayikukubona ukuba ingaba nefuthe elihle ekugxininiseni nasekuqwalaseleni ixesha. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye ii-apps zokucamngca ezikhoyo, i-MediTrain yayilwa, yaphuhliswa yaza yavavanywa njengendlela yokucamngca. isoftwe inkqubo edibanisa imiba esembindini yokucamngca kwendabuko kunye ne-neuroplasticity-based closed-loop algorithm yokuqhubela phambili kwengqondo - indlela ephumeleleyo njengenxalenye yongenelelo olungelulo lwedijithali.
Inkqubo ye-MediTrain yavavanywa kulingo olulawulwa ngokungenamkhethe kunye nabathathi-nxaxheba abadala abasempilweni abangama-59 phakathi kwe-18 kunye ne-35 yeminyaka ubudala abahlulwe bangamaqela amabini. Abathathi-nxaxheba be-22 bathathe inxaxheba kulingo kwaye basebenzisa inkqubo kwi-Apple iPad Mini2 kwaye abathathi-nxaxheba be-18 babekwiqela lokulawula elisebenzisa ezinye ii-apps zokucamngca ezingahambelaniyo. Inkqubo iqala ngokuyalela abathathi-nxaxheba kuqala ngokurekhodwa ngendlela yokujolisa ingqalelo yabo kumphefumlo wabo bevale amehlo, umzekelo ngokuva umoya emathatheni abo okanye ngokushukuma kwesifuba sabo. Emva koko, bayalelwa ukuba baqaphele ukubhadula kweengqondo zabo (ngeziphazamiso ezithile ngokomzekelo) kwaye xa ukubhadula kubhaqwe bazame ukubuyisela ingqalelo yabo ekuphefumleni.
Iprogram ifuna ukuziqhelanisa nemizuzu engama-20-30 yonke imihla ebandakanya amaxesha amafutshane kakhulu okucamngca. Ekuqaleni kokusetyenziswa kweprogram, abathathi-nxaxheba kufuneka bagxininise ekuphefumuleni kwabo kuphela imizuzwana ye-10-15 ngexesha elinye. La maxesha aye anyuka ngokucothayo njengoko umthathi-nxaxheba efunda indlela yokugcina ugxininiso. Ngokuthe ngcembe kwiiveki ze-6 zokusebenzisa inkqubo, abathathi-nxaxheba bakhuthazwa ukuba bandise inani elipheleleyo lexesha abanokugcina ugxininiso lwabo. Abathathi-nxaxheba bajonga rhoqo inkqubela yabo yemihla ngemihla kwaye babuzwa ukuba banako na ukugcina ugxininiso ngo-ewe / hayi olula. Ngokusekelwe ekuzihloleni komthathi-nxaxheba kunye nokuzixela ngokwakhe emva kwecandelo ngalinye lokucamngca, i-algorithm ye-loop evaliweyo yeprogram isetyenziswe i-adaptive staircase algorithm ukuze ikwazi ukuhlengahlengisa ubunzima kwisinyathelo esilandelayo, oko kukuthi ngokuthe ngcembe ukwandisa ixesha lokugxila okanye ukunciphisa ixesha xa kugxininisekile. Ngoko ke, le ngxelo eqhelekileyo ethathwe yiprogram ayinikeli nje inkuthazo kwaye ivumela ukubonwa ngabathathi-nxaxheba, isetyenziswe yi-MediTrain ukwenza ubude beeseshoni zokucamngca ngokuxhomekeke kubuchule bomthathi-nxaxheba ngamnye. Le ndlela ilungiselelwe iqinisekisa ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba abatyhafiswa ziinzame zabo zokuqala. Idatha ithunyelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-app kubaphandi.
Iziphumo zibonise ukuba ixesha lokuqwalaselwa kwabathathi-nxaxheba liphuculwe ngumyinge wemizuzu emithandathu (emva kwexesha lokuqala lemizuzwana ye-20) ngelixa ukujikeleza kwabo kwengqondo okuzixelayo kuye kwehla ekupheleni kweeveki ezintandathu. Kwakhona, ixesha lokuphendula kulo lonke izilingo (i-RTVir) amaxabiso anciphile kakhulu kubathathi-nxaxheba beprogram - amaxabiso aphantsi ahambelana nokugxininiswa okungcono. Uphuculo lubonakaliswe kwakhona kumsebenzi wabo wobuchopho ngokubhekiselele kwiinguqu ezintle kwiimpawu ezibalulekileyo ze-neural zokulawula ingqalelo njengoko kulinganiswe nge-electroencephalogram (EEG). Iziphumo zokusebenzisa i-MediTrain imihla ngemihla ye-20-30 imizuzu yayifana nento eqhelekileyo abantu abadala abayifumanayo emva kweenyanga zoqeqesho olunzulu lokucamngca. Abathathi-nxaxheba babenamandla aphuculweyo okugxila ekuphefumleni kwabo, ukuphucula ixesha lokuqwalasela kunye nokuphucula imemori yokusebenza. Baye bakwazi ukwenza ngokuthe kratya kwiimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo ezenziwa emva kwexesha leeveki ezi-6 xa kuthelekiswa neqela lolawulo.
I-MediTrain yinoveli yenkqubo yekhompyutha yokuziqhelanisa nokucamngca enokuthi ihanjiswe kusetyenziswa itekhnoloji yedijithali - ifowuni ephathwayo okanye ithebhulethi. Iya isibaluleka ngakumbi kweli xesha ledijithali ukukwazi ukuphucula nokugcina ixesha lokunikela ingqalelo yomntu kunye nenkumbulo yokusebenza eye yaba ngumngeni ingakumbi kwisizukulwana esincinci ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwemithombo yeendaba, izinto ezibonwayo kunye nobuchwepheshe.
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{Unokufunda iphepha lokuqala lophando ngokunqakraza ikhonkco le-DOI elinikwe ngezantsi kuluhlu lwemithombo ecatshulweyo (s)}
Umthombo (s)
1. Ziegler DA. okqhubekayo. 2019. Ukucamngca ngedijithali okuvaliweyo kuphucula ingqalelo ezinzileyo kubantu abadala abancinci. Indalo Ukuziphatha koMntu. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-019-0611-9
2. IYunivesithi yaseSan Francisco, eU.SA. I-MediTrain. https://neuroscape.ucsf .edu/technology/#meditrain
