Uphononongo lubonisa ukukhula kokutya okuphilayo kunempembelelo ephezulu mozulu ngenxa yokusetyenziswa komhlaba okuninzi
I-Organic ukutya kuye kwaduma kakhulu kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo njengoko abathengi besiya beqonda ngakumbi kwaye besempilweni kunye nomgangatho. I-Organic ukutya kuveliswa ngokwendalo ukusuka ulimo lwezinto eziphilayo ejolise ekunyuseni indalo yokutya ngokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwemichiza xa kuveliswa. Ngoko, eziphilayo ukutya akubandakanyi naziphi na izibulali zinambuzane, izichumisi zokwenziwa okanye ezinye izongezo ezenziweyo. Imveliso yenyama, amaqanda kunye nezinye iimveliso ezivela kwizilwanyana, kuthiwa eziphilayo ukuba izilwanyana azizange zithotyelwe nayiphi na i-antibiotics okanye i-hormone yokukhula. Yonke into yokutya eveliswa ngokwendalo ibiza kakhulu kunokutya okuqhelekileyo kuba ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imichiza okanye izongezo, kuthatha ixesha elide ukuvelisa. eziphilayo ukutya kwaye ke ngoko kufuna izibonelelo ezininzi malunga nomhlaba, ixesha njl njl ukutya okwenziwa ngezinto eziphilayo ngokuqinisekileyo iphezulu kwaye ikhula ngokukhawuleza xa ithelekiswa nonikezelo olunegalelo ngakumbi kumaxabiso aphezulu eziphilayo ukutya.
Ulimo oluqhelekileyo vs eziphilayo zolimo
Abaphandi kwiYunivesithi yaseChalmers yeTekhnoloji, eSweden baqulunqa indlela entsha yokuhlalutya impembelelo ye ulimo lwezinto eziphilayo on mozulu ngokusebenzisa umba wokusetyenziswa komhlaba ngokuthelekisa imveliso yokutya eqhelekileyo kwezolimo eziphilayo imveliso. Uphononongo lwabo lubonise ukuba ukuvelisa eziphilayo ukutya kube negalelo ekukhutshweni okuphezulu kwi indawo. Umzekelo, eziphilayo iiertyisi ezilinywayo eSweden zinempembelelo ephantse ibe ngama-50 ekhulwini mozulu ngelixa kwezinye ukutya okufana nengqolowa yasebusika yaseSweden eli nani laliphezulu njenge-70 ekhulwini. Oku kubalelwa kwizizathu ezibini; okokuqala, ukuya kumhlaba omninzi ofunekayo eziphilayo ukulima kwaye okwesibini, kuba izichumisi azisetyenziswa eziphilayo ukulima izivuno ngehektare kuncitshiswe kakhulu. Kwimveliso nganye yokutya, nokuba yinyama ephilayo okanye imveliso yobisi umhlaba ofunekayo ungaphezulu kwemveliso yendalo xa kuthelekiswa nesiqhelo. zolimo. Olu setyenziso lukhulu lomhlaba lukhokelela ngokuzenzekelayo ekukhutshweni kwekharbon diokside (CO2) ephezulu kuba kuwo wonke umhlaba ekufuneka ulinywe, amahlathi aguqulwa ngokugawula imithi ekhokelela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi. Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kubange i-15 pesenti yokukhutshwa kwe-greenhouse iyonke kwindawo yethu iplanethi. Ngamafutshane, ukugawulwa kwemithi kwenza umonakalo ongenakulungiseka kwindalo esingqongileyo nakwi-ikhosistim (iintyatyambo nezilwanyana).
'Iindleko zeCarbon ithuba'
Kuphononongo lwabo olupapashwe kwi Nature Abaphandi basebenzise i-metric entsha ebizwa ngokuba 'yiNdleko yeThuba leCarbon' okokuqala ngqa evavanya unyawo lwekhabhoni ngeziphumo zokusetyenziswa komhlaba okuphezulu kunye nokuba kube negalelo njani kukukhutshwa kweCO2 ekugawulweni kwamahlathi. Ke, ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2 kwafakwa kwitshathi ngokuchasene nesivuno esipheleleyo sokutya apho umlinganiselo wokutya okuphilayo ngokuqinisekileyo ushiywe lixesha. Isixa sekhabhoni egcinwe emahlathini sithathelwe ingqalelo kwaye ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi i-CO2 ikhutshwa emoyeni. Okumangalisayo kukuba, into yokusetyenziswa komhlaba kunye nefuthe layo ekukhutshweni kwe-CO2 ayizange ihlalutywe ngaphambili kuyo nayiphi na isifundo yangaphambili mhlawumbi ngenxa yokungabikho kweendlela ezichanekileyo kunye nezilula ezisebenzayo. Umetriki omtsha 'Iindleko zeCarbon' ivumela uthelekiso olulula kodwa oluneenkcukacha. Iyonke imveliso yelizwe kunye nezivuno zizonke ngehektare manani okulima okuphilayo kunye nesiqhelo kubonelelwe yiBhodi yezoLimo yaseSweden.
I-Organic zolimo Ungaze usebenzise izichumisi ezenziweyo njengoko izityalo zondliwa kwaye zondliwa ngezondlo ezifumaneka ngokwemvelo emhlabeni kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko kuphela kusetyenziswa izitshabalalisi zendalo. I-flipside yeyokuba izibonelelo ezixabisekileyo ezifana nomhlaba, amanzi kunye namandla asetyenzisiweyo aphezulu kakhulu kulimo oluphilayo kwaye lufanelekile ukuqonda ukuba lungenziwa njani ukugcinwa ixesha elide. Ngokutsho kolu phononongo ukutya iimbotyi eziveliswe ngokwemvelo okanye inkukhu kungcono ukuba mozulu ke masithi yenkomo eveliswe ngokwesiqhelo. Kwaye ukutya inyama yehagu, inkukhu, intlanzi okanye amaqanda kuya kuba nefuthe eliphantsi kokusingqongileyo kunokuba uthi ukutya inyama yenkomo okanye yegusha.
Nangona kunjalo, olu phononongo lunayo imida - njengoko beluthintelwe kwizityalo ezimbalwa nakwingingqi enye kuphela yelizwe. Ke, isincomo asikokuyeka ukutya ukutya kwe-organic ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa kucacile, apho impembelelo kwi mozulu ixhalabile, ukutya okuphilayo kubi kakhulu kunokutya okuqhelekileyo ngenxa ye zolimo iindlela. Kusekho ukunqongophala kobungqina obuninzi besayensi obubonisa ukuba ukutya okuvela kwindalo kuhambelana kakhulu nempilo okanye nokuba nobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kunokutya okuqhelekileyo. Ke nokuba umntu ucinga ukuba ukutya kwe-organic kungcono ebantwini, kusenokungabi kuhle kangako iplanethi! Iinkcukacha ezininzi ziyafuneka ngokuqinisekileyo ukuze kufikelelwe kwizigqibo ngokubanzi. Uhlalutyo kolu phononongo lusenokunxulunyaniswa nee-biofuels njengoko imveliso yazo ikwafuna indawo enkulu yomhlaba xa kuthelekiswa namafutha aqhelekileyo.
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{Unokufunda iphepha lokuqala lophando ngokunqakraza ikhonkco le-DOI elinikwe ngezantsi kuluhlu lwemithombo ecatshulweyo (s)}
Umthombo (s)
Umkhangeli TD et al. 2018. Ukuvavanya ukusebenza kakuhle kotshintsho kusetyenziso lomhlaba lokunciphisa mozulu utshintsho. indalo. 564(7735).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0757-z
