I-Soil Microbial Fuel Iiseli (ii-SMFCs) zisebenzisa iibhaktiriya ezendalo ngokwendalo emhlabeni ukuvelisa umbane. Njengomthombo wexesha elide, onatyisiweyo wamandla ahlaziyekayo, ii-SMFCs zinokusasazwa ngokuqhubekayo ukujonga ixesha lokwenyani leemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo kwaye zinokuba negalelo ekukhuleni kokuchaneka. zolimo kunye nezixeko ezihlakaniphile. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kobukho ngaphezu kwenkulungwane, ukusetyenziswa okubonakalayo kwee-SMFCs kuye kwaphantse kwangabikho ngenxa yokungangqinelani kwimveliso yamandla. Okwangoku, akukho SMFC enokuvelisa umbane ngokungaguqukiyo ngaphandle kweemeko zokufuma okuphezulu kwamanzi. Kuphononongo lwakutsha nje, abaphandi badale kwaye bathelekisa iinguqulelo zoyilo ezahlukeneyo kwaye bafumanisa ukuba uyilo lweeseli ezithe nkqo luphucula ukusebenza kwaye lwenza ii-SMFCs zikwazi ukumelana nokutshintsha kokufuma komhlaba.
Iintsholongwane iiseli zamafutha (MFCs) ziibioreactors ezivelisa umbane ngokuguqula amandla kwiibhondi zemichiza ye eziphilayo iikhompawundi zibe amandla ombane ngokusebenzisa biocatalysis by microbes. Ii-electron ezikhutshwe kwi-anode compartment yi-bacterial oxidation ye-substrate idluliselwa kwi-cathode apho idibanisa ne-oxygen kunye ne-hydrogen ion.
Iimpendulo ze-biochemical phantsi kwemeko ye-aerobic, umzekelo, i-acetate njenge-substrate zezi:
i-oxidation yesiqingatha-impendulo kwi-anode
CH3COO- + 3H2O → CO2 +HCO3- + 8H+ +8e-
ukunciphisa isiqingatha-impendulo kwi cathode
2 i 2 + 8H + + 8nd - → 4H 2 O
Kwimekobume ye-anaerobic, ii-MFCs zinokusebenzisa i-biowaste njengesubstrate ukuvelisa umbane.
Ii-MFCs zinamandla okusebenza njengesisombululo kwimiba yokusingqongileyo yamandla azinzileyo, ubushushu bukazwe lonke kunye nolawulo lwenkunkuma yendalo. Inemeko eqinileyo yokusetyenziswa kwiindawo apho iibhetri zekhemikhali eziqhelekileyo kunye neepaneli zelanga zisilela kulindelo olufana neziseko eziluhlaza, ingca, imigxobhozo, okanye phantsi komhlaba. Kwezi ndawo, iiphaneli zelanga azisebenzi ebusuku kwaye zihlala zigqunywa bubumdaka okanye zizityalo ngelixa ziyinxalenye yemichiza. iibhetri ukungena kokusingqongileyo. I-Soil Microbial Fuel Iiseli (ii-SMFCs) ziza njengomthombo wamandla ozinzileyo kwiindawo ezinjalo ekulimeni, kwithafa lengca, emahlathini nakwindawo eyinkunkuma ukunika amandla izixhobo zamandla aphantsi.
I-Soil Microbial Fuel Cells (SMFCs) zisebenzisa iibhaktiriya ezendalo ngokwendalo emhlabeni ukuvelisa umbane. Phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, ii-SMFCs zinokuvelisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-200 μW yamandla ngombane ongama-731 mV. Njengomthombo wexesha elide, onatyisiweyo wamandla ahlaziyekayo, ii-SMFCs zinokubekwa ngokusisigxina ukujonga ixesha lokwenyani leemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo okhokelayo. Ezi zinokuba negalelo ekukhuleni kwezixeko ezihlakaniphile kunye ifama.
Nangona kunjalo, nangona kukho ixesha elingaphezu kwenkulungwane, ukusetyenziswa okubonakalayo kwee-SMFCs kumgangatho osezantsi kuye kwalinganiselwa kakhulu. Okwangoku, akukho SMFC enokuvelisa umbane ngokungaguqukiyo ngaphandle kweemeko zokufuma okuphezulu kwamanzi. Ukungangqinelani kwimveliso yamandla kubalelwa kumahluko kwiimeko zokusingqongileyo, ukufuma komhlaba, iintlobo zomhlaba, iintsholongwane ezihlala emhlabeni njlnjl. kodwa utshintsho kukufuma komhlaba lunempembelelo enkulu ekungqinelani kwemveliso yamandla. Iiseli kufuneka zihlale ngokwaneleyo kwaye zifakwe i-oxygen ukwenzela ukuphuma kwamandla okungaguqukiyo okunokuba ngumcimbi onzima xa ungcwatywe phantsi komhlaba kumdaka owomileyo.
Uyilo lweeseli ezithe nkqo luphucula ukusebenza kwaye lwenza ii-SMFCs zikwazi ukumelana notshintsho kukufuma komhlaba.
Uphononongo lwakutsha nje (olubandakanya inkqubo yoyilo oluphindwayo lweminyaka emi-2 kunye neenyanga ezilithoba ezidityanisiweyo zedatha yokusasazwa kwe-SMFC) iye yavavanya ngokucwangcisiweyo uyilo lweeseli ukufikelela kwizikhokelo zoyilo ngokubanzi. Iqela lophando lenze kwaye lithelekise iinguqulelo ezine ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya uyilo lwemveli apho zombini i-cathode kunye ne-anode zihambelana enye kwenye. Uyilo oluthe nkqo (ushicilelo 3: i-anode orientation horizontal & cathode orientation perpendicular) yeseli yamafutha ifunyenwe iyeyona iqhuba kakuhle. Isebenze kakuhle kuluhlu lokufuma lwemeko ekhukulisekileyo ukuya kwimeko eyomileyo.
Kuyilo oluthe nkqo, i-anode (eyenziwe ngekhabhoni ukuze ibambe ii-electron ezikhutshwe yibhaktheriya) ingcwatywe kumhlaba ofumileyo ngokungqamene nomphezulu womhlaba ngelixa i-cathode (eyenziwe ngentsimbi engasebenziyo, eqhubayo) ihleli nkqo phezu kwe-anode ngokuthe tye emhlabeni. inqanaba apho ioksijini ifumaneka lula ukuze kugqitywe ukusabela kwesiqingatha sokunciphisa.
Imveliso yamandla yoyilo yayiphezulu kakhulu kulo lonke ixesha xa iseli yayizaliswe ngamanzi. Yayisebenza kakuhle ukusuka kwimeko yangaphantsi kwamanzi ngokupheleleyo ukuya komile noko (ama-41% amanzi ngokomthamo) nangona kunjalo yayisenomthamo ophezulu wama-41% womthamo wamanzi ofunekayo (VWC) ukuze uhlale usebenza.
Olu phononongo lujongana nombuzo malunga nomba woyilo lwee-SMFCs ekuphuculeni ukungaguquguquki kunye nokomelela kutshintsho lokufuma. Kuba ababhali bakhuphe lonke uyilo, izifundo zokufundisa kunye nezixhobo zokulinganisa eluntwini ukuba zisetyenziswe kwaye bakhe phezu kwayo, ngethemba, oku kufanele kuguqulelwe kwizicelo ezibanzi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokulima okuchanekileyo kungekudala.
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Iingxelo:
- Vishwanathan AS, 2021. Iiseli ze-Microbial fuel: uphononongo olubanzi lwabaqalayo. 3 I-Biotech. 2021 May; 11(5): 248. Ipapashwe kwi-intanethi nge-01 May 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-021-02802-y
- Ishumi B., okqhubekayo 2024. IKhompyutha yeSoil-Powered: Isikhokelo seNjineli kuYilo oluSebenzayo lweMicrobial yeSeli yesibaso. Ipapashwe:12 January 2024. Iinkqubo zeACM kwi-Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies. Umqulu 7 Inqaku le-4 yenqaku: 196pp 1–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3631410
- IYunivesithi yaseNorthwestern. News-Dirt-powered fuel cell run ngonaphakade. Ithunyelwe nge-12 kaJanuwari 2024. Iyafumaneka e https://news.northwestern.edu/stories/2024/01/dirt-powered-fuel-cell-runs-forever/
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