Izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zichonge eyona indala (kunye neyona ikude) Umngxunya omnyama ukususela ekuqaleni yonke esukela kwi-400 yezigidi zeminyaka emva kogqabhuko-dubulo olukhulu. Okumangalisayo kukuba, oku kumalunga nezigidi ezimbalwa eziphindaphindwe ubunzima beLanga. Phantsi kokuqonda kwangoku kokwenziwa kwe Umngxunya omnyama, inkulu ngolo hlobo Umngxunya omnyama kufuneka kuthathe iibhiliyoni zeminyaka ukukhula ukuya kobu bukhulu kodwa, Ngokumangalisayo, emva koko yonke yayizizigidi ezingama-400 kuphela ubudala.
Ngaphambili, abaphandi babenakho, ngokudibanisa idatha esuka kwi-Chandra X-ray Observatory kunye IJWST, ufumene a Umngxunya omnyama kwi UHZ1 Galaxy leyo isukela kwi-470 yezigidi zeminyaka emva kogqabhuko-dubulo olukhulu.
Ngoku, Sebenzisa UJames Webb Space Telescope (JWST) idatha, izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zichonge a blackhole kwi-GN-z11 Galaxy leyo isukela kwi-400 yezigidi zeminyaka emva kogqabhuko-dubulo olukhulu. Oku kwenza oku Umngxunya omnyama eyona indala yakha yabonwa (iiBH azijongwa ngokuthe ngqo kodwa zichongwe ngokungathanga ngqo ngokukhanya kwebali lediskhi elijikelezayo elijikelezayo) ukusuka ekuqaleni. yonke. Ukukhanya kuthathe phantse iminyaka eyi-13.4 yeebhiliyoni ukufikelela kwiteleskopu yeJWS.
Oku kusanda kubhaqwa Umngxunya omnyama ukusuka kwangoko yonke mkhulu kakhulu, malunga nezigidi ezimbalwa eziphindaphindwe ubunzima beLanga. Eyona nto ibangela umdla ngalo mngxuma umnyama kukuba unokuba nobunzima obungaka ukuba ube mkhulu kangakanani na.
Imingxunya emnyama zenziwa ukusuka ekuweni kwe intsalela yinkwenkwezi efileyo phantsi komxhuzulane xa isibaso siphela, ukuba ubunzima bokuqala be Nkwenkwezi ingaphezulu kwama-20 ubunzima belanga (>20 M⦿). Supermassive imingxunya emnyama zenziwa xa ubunzima bokuqala be Nkwenkwezi limalunga nekhulu lobunzima beLanga.
Ngokuhambelana nale nto, i-supermassive Umngxunya omnyama njengaleyo ifunyenwe kutshanje ukusuka ekuqaleni yonke kufuneka kuthathe iibhiliyoni zeminyaka ukwenza kunye nokukhula kodwa i yonke wayeneminyaka emalunga nezigidi ezingama-400 kuphela ubudala.
Ngaba ikhona enye indlela ii-BHs ezinkulu ezenza ngayo? Mhlawumbi, iimeko ekuqaleni yonke vumela oku Umngxunya omnyama ukuba izalwe inkulu okanye idle into kumnini wayo Galaxy ngokwayo ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu kunokuba bekucingelwa ukuba kunokwenzeka.
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Iingxelo:
- NASA 2023. Iindaba - NASA Telescopes Fumanisa Record-Ukwaphulwa Black Hole. Ithunyelwe nge-6 Novemba 2023. Iyafumaneka e https://www.nasa.gov/missions/chandra/nasa-telescopes-discover-record-breaking-black-hole/ Ushicilelo lwangaphambili luyafumaneka https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2305.15458
- IYunivesithi yaseCambridge yoPhando-Izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zichonge owona mngxuma mdala umnyama owakhe wabonwa. Ithunyelwe nge-17 kaJanuwari 2024. Iyafumaneka e https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/astronomers-detect-oldest-black-hole-ever-observed/
- Maiolino, R., Scholtz, J., Witstok, J. okqhubekayo. Umngxuma omncinci kunye namandla omnyama kwi-Universe yokuqala. indalo (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07052-5 Ushicilelo lwangaphambili luyafumaneka https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2305.12492
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