Yaziswa nge-30 kaJulayi 2020, iPerseverance rover ifike ngempumelelo mars Umphezulu eJezero Crater nge-18 kaFebruwari 2021, emva koko ukuhamba phantse iinyanga ezisixhenxe ukusuka eMhlabeni. Eyilwe ngokukodwa ukuqokelela isampulu yamatye, Ukunyamezela yeyona nto inkulu kwaye ingcono kakhulu i-rover eyake yathunyelwa mars. Inkqubo yokubamba iisampulu yerover yenye yezona nkqubo zintsonkothileyo zerobhothi ezakha zenziwa. mars Ikhe yaba namanzi kumphezulu wawo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba iintsholongwane zamandulo zazikhe zahlala apho kwixesha elidlulileyo. Ngokujonga ukubhaqwa kwegesi yemethane emoyeni we mars kutsha nje, kukho ukubakho kolunye uhlobo lobomi bentsholongwane ekhoyo nanamhlanje. Kucingelwa ukuba iisampuli eziqokelelwe yi-rover zinokuba neempawu zobomi. Nangona kunjalo, le yindlela enye yohambo lwe-rover ukuya kwi- mars kwaye iisampulu eziqokelelweyo ziya kubuyiselwa eMhlabeni kusetyenziswa ubufundisi bexesha elizayo. Iisampuli ziya kuthi ke zihlalutywe ukuze kuqinisekiswe uhlobo lobomi bamandulo kwi mars. Okubangel’ umdla kukuba, i<em>rover iphethe i-Ingenuity, inqwelo-ntaka encinane eza kuhlola iindawo ezinjengamawa nemingxuma apho i<em>rover ingenakuhamba khona.
"Shiya Umhlaba ngaphambi kokuba ushiywe lixesha", UCarl Sagan wayekhe walumkisa ngembono yokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba uMhlaba ubethwe sisijikelezi-langa seenkwenkwezi kwixesha elizayo kanye ngendlela owawuyiyo kwiminyaka eyi-65 yezigidi eyadlulayo xa iidayinaso zaye zatshatyalaliswa. Kusenokuba sengqiqweni ukucinga ukuba ikamva loluntu likukuba isithuba-iintlobo ezihambayo, ekubeni zizinto ezininziiplanethi iintlobo. Kwaye, nali inyathelo elincinci elingenasiphelo kwicala elisingise kuphononongo lwe isithuba ukuqonda ngcono ihlabathi elinokuhlalwa 1.
The mars rover Ukunyamezela ngenkqubo yayo ephucukileyo yerobhothi eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuqokelela iisampulu iye yachukumisa ngempumelelo kwi mars phezu kweJezero Crater. Le ndawo yayikhe yalichibi lamanzi ekusenokwenzeka ukuba lakhulisa ubomi bamandulo mars. Inkqubo yerobhothi ye-rover iya kusebenza njengamehlo kunye neengalo zoluntu zokuhlola mars xa kungenzeki ngeli xesha ukuthumela oosomajukujuku. I mars I-2020 Mission iya kuseka uluhlu lwemishini kwixesha elizayo lokuzisa iisampulu eziqokelelweyo eMhlabeni ukuze zihlalutywe. 2.
mars wake waba nomoya ongqindilili obugcina ubushushu obaneleyo ukuze amanzi ahlale ekwimo yolwelo evumela ukuba kuhambe imilambo namachibi kumphezulu wawo. Oku kuphakamisa ukuba iifom ze-primitive microbial ubomi zinokuba zikhona mars. Kodwa, ngokungafaniyo noMhlaba, mars ngelishwa ayinayo indawo yamagnetic yokubonelela ngokhuseleko ngokuchasene namandla umoya welanga kunye nemitha ye-ionizing. Ngenxa yoko, yaphulukana nomoya wayo isithuba ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nemozulu ye mars yatshintsha yaba yintlango enomkhenkce nepholileyo kakhulu namhlanje 3.
Isishwankathelo esiphambili soku mars Umsebenzi ka-2020 kukukhangela iimpawu zobomi bentsholongwane yakudala enokuba yayikhona mars ngaphambi kokuba imozulu yawo itshintshe ibe yintlango ebandayo. Okubangela umdla kukuba, xa kujongwa ukubhaqwa kwemethane, kucingelwa ukuba uhlobo oluthile lobomi bamandulo lunokubakho mars nanamhlanje. Nangona kunjalo, ifuna ukuqinisekiswa kuba imethane inokukhutshwa kwimithombo engaphiliyo nayo.
Ezinye zezixhobo zokusika eziza kudlala indima ephambili kule SHERLOC kunye nePIXL. Abanye abambalwa baya kunceda i-rover ukuqokelela idatha kude. Kuyafaneleka ukuqaphela ukuba i-rover iye yafika phantsi kwi-Martian surface e-Jezero Crater, eyayiyichibi lamanzi kwixesha elidlulileyo isenza indawo ephezulu yokuxhasa iifom ze-microbial ubomi. I-rover iphinda iqokelele idatha malunga nemozulu edlulileyo kunye ne-geology ye mars.
Ungaphoswa yinyani yokuba oku mars ubuthunywa ayilohambo oluya nokubuya eMhlabeni. Iisampulu eziqokelelwe nguNyanga ziya kuhanjiswa kumhlaba ocwangcisiweyo kwixesha elizayo oya kuthi azise iisampulu eMhlabeni ukuze zihlalutywe ukubonisa ubukho bobomi bamandulo. mars.
Okubalulekileyo, ukunyamezela kuphethe izixhobo ezininzi kunye nobuchwepheshe obusebenzise ngempumelelo ekuqokeleleni idatha kunye nokuhlola kulo msebenzi, kuya kuvula indlela yemishini yexesha elizayo eNyangeni naseNyangeni. mars 4.
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Imithombo:
- Michio Kaku: Iingqikelelo ezi-3 ezivuthuza ingqondo malunga nekamva. Iyafumaneka kwi-intanethi https://youtu.be/tuVuxKTJeBI. Kufumaneka kwi-18 Febhuwari 2021.
- Ukunyamezela: Yintoni eKhethekileyo malunga neRover ye-NASA's Mission Mars 2020. Inzululwazi yaseYurophu. Ifumaneka kwi-Intanethi nge https://www.scientificeuropean.co.uk/sciences/space/perseverance-what-is-so-special-about-the-rover-of-nasas-mission-mars-2020/ Ifikeleleke nge-18 kaFebruwari 2021.
- I-MAVEN ye-NASA ityhila uninzi lwe-atmosphere ye-Mars yayilahlekile kwi-Space. Iyafumaneka kwi-intanethi https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasas-maven-reveals-most-of-mars-atmosphere-was-lost-to-space. Ifikeleleke nge-18 kaFebruwari 2021.
- Izinto ezisi-7 ozaziyo malunga neMishini yokuZingisa kuMars 2020. Iyafumaneka kwi-intanethi https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/press_kits/mars_2020/landing/ . Ifikeleleke nge-18 kaFebruwari 2021.
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