Ukufiphala kwelanga ngokupheleleyo kuza kubonwa kwilizwekazi laseMntla Melika ngoMvulo we-8 ku -Epreli 2024. Ukuqala eMexico, kuza kudlula eMelika ukusuka eTexas ukuya eMaine, kuze kuphele kunxweme lwase-Atlantic eKhanada.
E-USA, nangona ukufiphala kwelanga okuncinci kuza kwenzeka kulo lonke ilizwe, ukufiphala kwelanga ngokupheleleyo kuza kuqala ngentsimbi ye-1:27 emva kwemini kwi-CDT e-Eagle Pass, eTexas, kunqunyulwe ngokunqamlezayo kulo lonke ilizwe kuze kuphele malunga ne-3:33 emva kwemini kwi-EDT e-Lee, eMaine.
Indlela epheleleyo iya kuba malunga neekhilomitha ezili-115 ububanzi igubungela ummandla ohlala abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-30.
Ukufiphala kwelanga ngokupheleleyo kwenzeka xa iNyanga ifika phakathi koMhlaba neLanga igquma iLanga ngokupheleleyo eMhlabeni. Sisiganeko esibalulekileyo seenkwenkwezi koososayensi nabaphandi ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo.
I-Corona, eyona ndawo ingaphandle yomoya weLanga, ibonakala eMhlabeni kuphela ngexesha lokusithwa kwelanga yiyo loo nto iziganeko ezinjalo zinika abaphandi ithuba lokufunda. Ngokungafaniyo ne-photosphere, umaleko obonakalayo weLanga oneqondo lobushushu elimalunga ne-6000 K, umoya wangaphandle i-corona ufudumala ukuya kwizigidi zeedigri zeKelvin. Umsinga wee-particles ezitshajiweyo ngombane uphuma kwi-corona uye esibhakabhakeni kuzo zonke iindlela (ezibizwa ngokuba ngumoya welanga ) kwaye ugubungela zonke iiplanethi kwinkqubo yelanga kuquka noMhlaba. Ibeka umngcipheko kubomi nakwiteknoloji yombane esekelwe kuluntu lwanamhlanje oluquka iisathelayithi, oosomajukujuku, ukuhambahamba, unxibelelwano, ukuhamba emoyeni, iigridi zamandla ombane. Intsimi yemagnethi yomhlaba ikhusela umoya welanga ongenayo ngokuwususa kude. Iziganeko ezinkulu zelanga ezifana nokukhutshwa kweplasma etshajiweyo ngombane kwi-corona kudala ukuphazamiseka kumoya welanga. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukufunda i-corona, umoya welanga kunye nokuphazamiseka kwiimeko zawo.
Ukuphela kwelanga ngokupheleleyo kunika ithuba lokuvavanya iingcamango zesayensi. Umzekelo oqhelekileyo kukujonga iilensi zomxhuzulane (oko kukuthi, ukugoba kokukhanya kweenkwenkwezi ngenxa yomxhuzulane wezinto ezinkulu zasezulwini) ngexesha lokugcakalala kwelanga ngokupheleleyo ngo-1919 kwiminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu eyadlulayo eyaqinisekisa ulwalamano luka-Einstein ngokubanzi.
Isibhakabhaka sitshintshe ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokuthengiswa kweLow Earth Orbits (LEO). Njengoko kukho iisatellite eziphantse zibe yi-10,000 kwi- orbit ngoku, ngaba olu kukhanya kwelanga ngokupheleleyo kuya kutyhila isibhakabhaka esigcwele iisatellite? Uphononongo lwakutshanje lokulinganisa lubonisa ukuba ukukhanya kwesibhakabhaka esiphezulu ngexesha lokuphelela kuya kwenza iisatellite ezikhanyayo zingabonakali emehlweni kodwa ukukhanya kwezinto ezenziweyo kwi- orbit kusabonakala.
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Iingxelo:
- NASA. Ngo-2024 I-Eclipse iyonke. Ifumaneka e https://science.nasa.gov/eclipses/future-eclipses/eclipse-2024/
- I-National Solar Observatory (NSO). Iyonke uLanga eEclipse – ngoAprili 8, 2024. Ifumaneka e https://nso.edu/eclipse2024/
- Cervantes-Cota JL, Galindo-Uribarri S., kunye ne-Smoot GF, 2020. Ilifa le-Einstein's Eclipse, iGravitational Lensing. Indalo 2020, 6(1), 9; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/universe6010009
- ULawler SM, uRein H., kunye neBoley AC, 2024. Ukubonakala kweSathelayithi Ngexesha lika-Epreli 2024 Iyonke Eclipse. Shicilela kwangaphambili kwi-axRiv. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2403.19722
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