Ukusekwa kwekhaya lethu Galaxy IMilky Way yaqala kwiminyaka eyi-12 yeebhiliyoni eyadlulayo. Ukususela ngoko, iye yafumana uthotho lokudityaniswa neminye iminyele yaza yakhula ngobunzima nangobukhulu. Iintsalela zeebhloko zokwakha (okt, iminyele edityaniswe neMiky Way kwixesha elidlulileyo) inokuchongwa ngexabiso layo elingaqhelekanga lamandla kunye nomfutho we-angular kunye nesinyithi esisezantsi. Iibhloko ezimbini zokuqala zekhaya lethu Galaxy kutshanje ziye zachongwa kusetyenziswa i-Gaia dataset kwaye ziye zabizwa ngokuba nguShiva kunye noShakti emva kwezithixo zamaHindu. Gaia isithuba iteleskopu enikezelwe kuphononongo lomnyele wekhaya lethu iye yaluguqula ufundo lweMilky Way. I-Gaia Enceladus / Umlambo we-Sausage, umlambo wasePonto kunye "nentliziyo endala ehluphekileyo" ye-Milky Way zachongwa ngaphambili kusetyenziswa i-dataset ye-Gaia. Imbali yeMilky Way izele kukudityaniswa. Hubble isithuba Imifanekiso yeteleskopu ibonisa ukuba kwiminyaka engamawaka amathandathu eebhiliyoni ukususela ngoku, umnyele wekhaya lethu uya kudibana nomnyele oselumelwaneni weAndromeda.
Igalaksi kunye nezinye izakhiwo ezinkulu ezenziwe kwi yonke malunga ne-500 yezigidi zeminyaka emva kweBig Bang.
Ukusekwa kwekhaya lethu Galaxy IMilky Way yaqala malunga ne-12 lamawaka ezigidi kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. Ukususela ngoko, iye yafumana uthotho lokudityaniswa kweminyele eye yanegalelo ekukhuleni kwayo ngobunzima nangobukhulu. Imbali yeMilky Way yimbali yokudibanisa eminye iminyele kunye negalaksi yasekhaya.
Iimpawu ezisisiseko ze iinkwenkwezi njengamandla kunye nomfutho we-angular zinxulunyaniswa ngokuthe ngqo kwisantya kunye nolwalathiso lwe Galaxy yemvelaphi kwaye kwabelwana ngayo phakathi kweenkwenkwezi zomnyele omnye. Xa iminyele idibana, amandla kunye nesantya se-angular zihlala zilondolozwe ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kusebenza njengesixhobo esiphambili ekuchongeni intsalela edityanisiweyo. Iqela elikhulu le iinkwenkwezi kunye nemilinganiselo efanayo engaqhelekanga yamandla kunye nomfutho we-angular kunokwenzeka ukuba ibe yintsalela edibeneyo yomnyele. Kwakhona, iinkwenkwezi ezindala zinesinyithi esisezantsi, oko kukuthi, iinkwenkwezi ezakhe zavela ngaphambili zineentsimbi eziphantsi. Ngokusekelwe kwezi zimbini iikhrayitheriya, kunokwenzeka ukulandelela imbali yokudibanisa ye-Milky Way nangona kunjalo bekungeke kwenzeke ngaphandle kweedatha ze-Gaia.
Iqaliswe yi-ESA ngomhla we-19 kaDisemba 2013, eGaia isithuba iteleskopu inikezelwe kuphononongo lweMilky Way kuquka imvelaphi, ulwakhiwo kunye nembali yendaleko. Ipakwe eLissajous ukuhamba malunga ne-L2 Lagrange point (ebekwe malunga ne-1.5 yezigidi zeekhilomitha ukusuka eMhlabeni kwicala elijongene neLanga) kunye IJWST kunye ne-Euclid spacecrafts, iGaia probe yenza ubalo olukhulu lweenkwenkwezi olugubungela malunga ne-1.5 yezigidigidi zeenkwenkwezi kwi-Milky Way zirekhoda iintshukumo zazo, ukukhanya, ubushushu kunye nokwakheka kwazo kunye nokwenza imephu ye-3D echanekileyo yekhaya. Galaxy. Ke, iGaia ikwabizwa ngokuba ngumvavanyi wezigidi-gidi. Iiseti zedatha ezenziwe nguGaia ziguqule ufundo lwembali iMilky Way.
Ngo-2021, kusetyenziswa iiseti zedatha yeGaia, izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zafunda ngokudityaniswa okukhulu kwaye zichonge iGaia Enceladus/Sausage stream, intsalela yeGaia-Sausage-Enceladus (GSE) Galaxy eyadityaniswa neMilky Way phakathi kweminyaka eyi-8 ne-11 yebhiliyoni eyadlulayo. Emva koko, umsinga wePonto kunye "nentliziyo endala ehlwempuzekileyo" yeMilky Way zachongwa kunyaka olandelayo. Umjelo wasePonto yintsalela yokudibanisa kwePonto ngelixa "intliziyo ehlwempuzekileyo endala" i Nkwenkwezi Iqela elenza ngexesha lodibaniso lokuqala olwadala iproto-Milky Way kwaye luqhubeke nokuhlala kumbindi weMilky Way.
Ngoku, izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zinika ingxelo yokufunyanwa kwemijelo emibini ye iinkwenkwezi eyathi yaqulunqwa yaza yadityaniswa nenguqulelo yokuqala yeMilky Way phakathi kweminyaka eli-12 ne-13 leebhiliyoni eyadlulayo, malunga nexesha apho iminyele yayisenziwa ekuqaleni. Ehlabathini. Kule nto, abaphandi badibanisa idatha ye-Gaia kunye ne-stellar spectra eneenkcukacha ezivela kwi- Uphando lweSkyan Digital Sky (DR17) kwaye yaqaphela ukuba iinkwenkwezi zazixinene zijikeleze imidibaniso emibini yamandla kunye nomfutho we-angular kuluhlu oluthile lweenkwenkwezi ezinentsimbi ephantsi. La maqela mabini ayenesantya esifana neseenkwenkwezi ebeziyinxalenye yeminyele eyahlukeneyo edityaniswe neMilky Way. Mhlawumbi, iibhloko zokuqala zokwakha zeMilky Way, abaphandi baye bababiza ngokuba nguShiva noShakti emva koothixo bamaHindu. Kungenzeka ukuba amaqela eenkwenkwezi asanda kufunyanwa kuqala adibane 'nentliziyo endala ehluphekileyo' yeMilky Way yethu kunye nebali elibhekiselele kwisikhulu. Galaxy waqala. Izifundo zexesha elizayo kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba ngaba uShiva kunye noShakti ngokwenene bayinxalenye yembali yeMilky Way.
Kuya kwenzeka ntoni kumnyele wekhaya lethu kwixesha elizayo?
Imbali yendaleko yeMilky Way izele kukudityaniswa. Hubble isithuba Imifanekiso yeteleskopu ibonisa ukuba kwiminyaka engamawaka amathandathu eebhiliyoni ukususela ngoku, umnyele wekhaya lethu uza kudibana nomnyele wasebumelwaneni weAndromeda omi kumgama weminyaka yokukhanya ezizigidi ezisisi-2.5 ukuze uvelise umnyele omtsha. I-Andromeda iya kungqubana neMilky Way kwi-250,000 mph malunga ne-4 yezigidigidi zeminyaka ukususela ngoku. Ungquzulwano phakathi kwale minyele mibini iya kuhlala iminyaka ezibhiliyoni ezi-2 nto leyo ekhokelela kumnyele odityanisiweyo oyi-elliptical.
Inkqubo yelanga kunye noMhlaba uya kuphila kodwa uya kuba nolungelelwaniso olutsha ngaphakathi isithuba.
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Iingxelo:
- Naidu RP, okqhubekayo 2021. Ukwakha ngokutsha uMdibaniso oMkhulu wokuGqibela weMilky Way kunye noPhando lwe-H3. I-Astrophysical Journal, uMqulu 923, iNombolo 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac2d2d
- Malhan K., okqhubekayo 2022. I-Global Dynamical Atlas ye-Milky Way Megers: Izithintelo ezivela kwi-Gaia EDR3-based Orbits ye-Globular Clusters, i-Stellar Streams, kunye ne-Satellite Galaxies. Ipapashwe nge-17 kaFebruwari 2022. I-Astrophysical Journal, uMqulu 926, iNombolo 2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac4d2a
- UMalhan K., kunye noRix H.-W., 2024. 'Shiva kunye noShakti: Iingceba zeProto-Galactic ezicingelwayo kwi-Inner Milky Way. Ijenali yeAstrophysical. Ipapashwe nge-21 Matshi 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1885
- IMax Planck Institute for Astronomy (MPIA). Iindaba - Abaphandi bachonga ezimbini zeebhloko zokwakha zokuqala ze-Milky Way. Ifumaneka e https://www.mpia.de/news/science/2024-05-shakti-shiva?c=5313826
- Schiavi R. et al Ngo-2021. Ukudityaniswa kwexesha elizayo kwe-Milky Way kunye ne-Andromeda galaxy kunye nesiphelo semingxunya yabo emnyama egqwesileyo. Ukuprintwa kwangaphambili kwi-arXiv. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2102.10938
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