NASAIphulo lokuqala lokubuya kwesampulu ye-asteroid, i-OSIRIS-REx, yasungulwa kwiminyaka esixhenxe eyadlulayo ngo-2016 ukuya kufutshane-umhlaba I-asteroid Bennu iye yazisa isampuli ye-asteroid ukuba iqokelelwe ngo-2020 ukuya umhlaba ku 24th NgoSeptemba 2023. Emva kokukhulula isampuli ye-asteroid ibe Umhlaba iatmosphere, isiphekepheke saqalisa uhambo lwaso olongezelelweyo ukuya kwiasteroid Apophis njenge-OSIRIS-APRX mission. I-asteroid Bennu yi-asteroid yakudala ye-carbonaceous enamatye kunye nothuli ukususela ekuzalweni kwenkqubo yelanga. Uphononongo lwesampulu ebuyisiweyo luya kukhanyisa indlela maplanethi zasekwa nendlela ubomi obaqala ngayo umhlaba. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokuba uBennu abe nefuthe umhlaba ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ezayo phakathi konyaka ka-2175 kunye no-2199. Iziphumo ezivela kwimishini ye-OSIRIS-REx ziyakunceda ukucokisa indlela eqikelelweyo ye-asteroid Bennu kunye nezinye ezinokuba yingozi iiasteroids ukucwangcisa nokwenza unciphiso.
NASAUthumo lwesampulu yeasteroid yokubuyisela i-OSIRIS-REx izise ngempumelelo isampulu enobunzima obumalunga nama-250 grams kwi-asteroid Bennu. I-capsule yamatye kunye nothuli oluqokelelwe kwi-asteroid ngo-2020 lwafika kwindawo yase-Utah kufuphi ne-Salt Lake City e-USA ngeCawa 24.th Septemba 2023.
I-OSIRIS-REx yaba NASA's yokuqala isampuli asteroid ukubuya mission.
NASAUthumo lokuqala lwesampulu ye-asteroid yokubuyisela, i-OSIRIS-REx (isifinyezo esithi “Imvelaphi, Utoliko lweSpectral, ukuchongwa koMthombo kunye noKhuseleko – Regolith Explorer”) yaziswa kufutshane-umhlaba asteroid Bennu kwi8th NgoSeptemba 2016. Iqokelele isampuli yamatye kunye nothuli oluvela kumphezulu we-asteroid kwi-20.th Okthobha 2020 kwaye waqala uhambo lwayo lokubuyela ukuya umhlaba ku 10th May 2021. Ihambe iminyaka emibini enesiqingatha kuhambo lwayo lokubuyela ukufika xa isampulu yokubuyisa isampulu yahlukana nesiphekepheke yangena emhlabeni. emoyeni. Ngale nto, i-spacecraft yagqiba uhambo lweminyaka esixhenxe kwaye i-mission ye-OSIRIS-REx, i-mission yokuqala yase-US yokuqokelela isampuli kwi-asteroid, yagqitywa. Kodwa uhambo lwesiphekepheke luyaqhubeka ukuya kwi-asteroid Apophis njenge-OSIRIS-APEX mission emva kokukhulula isampuli yokubuyisela i-capsule Umhlaba iatmosfera.
Ixesha le-NASA's OIRIS-REx Mission
| Umhla/Unyaka | Iimbalasane |
| Sept. 8, 2016 | Iziphekepheke ezisemajukujukwini |
| Dec. 3, 2018 | wafika kwi-asteroid Bennu |
| 2019 - 2020 | khangela indawo yokuqokelela isampuli ekhuselekileyo eBennu |
| Oktobha 20, 2020 | Isampulu iqokelelwe |
| Ngamana 10, 2021 | Uqalise uhambo lokubuyela eMhlabeni |
| Sep.24, 2023 | I-Capsule equlethe amatye kunye nesampulu yothuli eqokelelwe kwi-asteroid Bennu ekhutshwe kwi-atmosfera yoMhlaba eyathi yahlala ngokukhuselekileyo eMhlabeni. I-OSIRIS-REX Mission igqityiwe ngale nto. |
| Sep.24, 2023 | Uhambo lwesiphekepheke luqhubela kwenye indawo ekufutshane ne-Earth asteroid Apophis kunye nemishini ebizwa ngokuba yi-OSIRIS-APEX |
Yafunyanwa ngoSeptemba 1999 kwaye yathiywa ngegama lakudala WaseYiputa uthixo, iasteroid Bennu yindawo ekufutshane-noMhlaba ukuhamba, i-asteroid yamandulo kwakucingwa ukuba yenzekile kwiminyaka eyi-4.5 yeebhiliyoni eyadlulayo kwisigaba sokuqala sembali yesijikelezi-langa. Luhlobo lwe-B, i-carbonaceous asteroid enamatye kunye nothuli ukususela ekuzalweni kwenkqubo yelanga. Isenokuba nezinto eziqulathe iimolekyuli ezazikho xa ubomi buqala ukubunjwa eMhlabeni. Ii-asteroids ezityebileyo izinto eziphilayo kucingelwa ukuba badlale indima ekudaleni ubomi eMhlabeni. Uphononongo lwesampulu eziswe kwi-asteroid Bennu kulindeleke ukuba ikhanyise indlela maplanethi zasekwa nendlela ubomi obaqala ngayo.
Njengento ekufutshane ne-Earth (NEO), i-Bennu yi-asteroid enokuba yingozi njengoko inokuchaphazela uMhlaba ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ezayo phakathi kweminyaka yama-2175 kunye no-2199 nangona amathuba esiganeko esinjalo esezantsi. Indlela echanekileyo ye-asteroids ejikelezayo (efana ne-Bennu) kwisixokelelwano selanga ayinakuqikelelwa kancinci ngenxa yesiphumo se-Yarkovsky (ukufudumala kwemiphezulu emini kunye nokuphola ebusuku kunika i-radiation enokuthi isebenze njenge-mini thruster ukukhukuliseka i-asteroid kude. ixesha elidlulele). Umlinganiselo we-Yarkovsky Effect ngu-OSIRIS-REx uya kunceda ukucokisa okuxelwe kwangaphambili ukuhamba ye-asteroid Bennu kunye nezinye iiasteroids ezinokuba yingozi kunye noncedo ukhuselo lweplanethi.
Phantsi kothumo oluthiywe ngokutsha i-OSIRIS-APEx, isiphekepheke ngoku sihamba sisiya kwenye iApophis ekufutshane ne-Earth asteroid (emalunga neemitha ezili-1,000 ububanzi) eya kusondela eMhlabeni phakathi koluhlu olumalunga neemayile ezingama-20,000 ngo-2029. Ngelo xesha, isiphekepheke siyakungena kwindawo ukuhamba yeApophis ukuphanda ukuba "ukusondela eMhlabeni" kuyichaphazele njani ukuhamba, izinga spin, kunye nomphezulu. Olu lwazi luya kunceda ekujonganeni "nendlela esondeleyo ye-asteroid Bennu" ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ezayo.
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Imithombo:
- Isampulu yokuqala ye-asteroid yeNASA ifikile, ngoku ikhuselekile kwigumbi elicocekileyo. Ipapashwe ngo-Sep 24, 2023. Ifumaneka e https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-s-first-asteroid-sample-has-landed-now-secure-in-clean-room . Ifikeleleke nge-25 Septemba 2023.
- I-OSIRIS-REx Mission. Ifumaneka e https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/osiris-rex/about https://www.nasa.gov/content/osiris-rex-mission-operations Ifikeleleke nge-25 Septemba 2023.
- I-OSIRIS-REx I-Spacecraft iyahamba ukuya kwiMishini eNtsha. Ifumaneka e https://blogs.nasa.gov/osiris-rex/2023/09/24/osiris-rex-spacecraft-departs-for-new-mission/ Ifikeleleke nge-25 Septemba 2023.
- Izinto ezilishumi ozaziyo malunga noBennu. Ifumaneka e https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2020/bennu-top-ten Ifikeleleke nge-25 Septemba 2023.
- I-Asteroid kunye neComet Watch. Ifumaneka e https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/asteroids/overview/index.html Ifikeleleke nge-25 Septemba 2023.
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