Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba i-e-cigarettes isebenza ngokuphindwe kabini kunonyango lwe-nicotine-replacement ekuncedeni abatshaya ukuba bayeke ukutshaya.
Ukutshaya ngomnye woonobangela abaphambili bokubhubha kwihlabathi liphela. ukutshaya inokubangela izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo zokuphefumla ngokonakalisa iindlela zomoya kunye neengxowa zomoya ezincinci ezifumaneka kwimiphunga yethu kwaye ikwanoxanduva lweziganeko ezininzi zomhlaza wemiphunga. Imidiza inemichiza eyityhefu efana nekhabhon monokside kunye netha eyingozi kakhulu kwimpilo yabantu. Icuba likhobokisa kakhulu ngenxa yenikotini, eyona nto ifumaneka kwicuba. Ukuyeka ukutshaya ngumsebenzi onzima ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwengqondo nangokweemvakalelo. Ngaphantsi kwe-5 ekhulwini ababhemayo bayakwazi ukuyeka ukutshaya ngokuya kubanda. Kodwa kuninzi, nokuzama ukuyeka kunokubangela iimpawu zokuyeka ezingathandekiyo ezifana nokuxhalaba, ukucaphuka, ukuba nomsindo kunye nabatshayayo badla ngokubuyela umva ekutshayeni kwakhona.
I-e-cigarette
Umdiza we-elektroniki (icuba)sisixhobo esikhupha umphunga wenicotineas okanye inkungu ukuze umsebenzisi ayisezele inika imvakalelo efanayo yokusezela umsi wecuba lokwenyani. I-e-cigarettes yicuba elingenamsi, elikhangeleka njengecuba lokwenyani kodwa alilayitiyo. Kuxoxwa ngazo njengenye indlela yokusebenzisa inikotini kuthatyathwe imichiza eyingozi efumaneka kwimidiza yokwenyani. I-e-cigarettes ngoku iyinxalenye yeendlela zokuphelisa ezinceda abantu abatshayayo ukuba bayeke. Nangona kunjalo, akukho uphando oluninzi lwenziwe ukuqinisekisa eli bango ngelixa ezinye izifundo zibonise imiphumo emibi yokusebenzisa i-e-cigarettes. Izilingo ezimbini ezidlulileyo ezilawulwa ngokungahleliwe kwi-e-cigarettes zibonise ukuba okokuqala, i-e-cigarettes inokusebenza kancinci ekuncedeni ukuyeka ukutshaya ngokusebenza ngokufana neepatches ze-nicotine. Okwesibini, abantu abatshayayo abasebenzisa i-e-cigarettes kunye okanye ngaphandle kwe-nicotine kunokubanceda ukuba bangahlali kwi-cigarettes eqhelekileyo. Obu bungqina abuzange bugqitywe kakhulu kwaye ingxoxo ye-e-cigarettes isavuliwe.
Ngaba ukusebenzisa i-e-cigarettes kunokunceda abantu abatshayayo bayeke?
Kwisifundo esitsha esishicilelwe kwi Ijenali eNtsha yaseNgilani yoNyango, abaphandi bavavanya ukusebenza kwe-e-cigarettes ekuncedeni abantu abatshayayo ukuba bayeke. Olu lulingo lokuqala olulawulwa ngokungenamkhethe olujolise ekujongeni ukusebenza kwe-e-cigarettes yanamhlanje xa kuthelekiswa neemveliso ezithatha indawo yenikotini. Bebonke bangama-886 abathathi-nxaxheba ababhaliselwe umzila ababeyinxalenye yeNkqubo yeSizwe yezeMpilo yeSizwe yasimahla 'yokuyeka ukutshaya' kwaye baye babelwa amaqela amabini onyango ngokungacwangciswanga. Iqela lokuqala lanikwa ipakethi yokuqalisa i-e-cigarette yasimahla, kunye nencwadana yokuyisebenzisa, ibhotile yencindi enencasa yecuba yolwelo lomphunga we-nicotine kunye nezinye ezintathu ze-e-liquids abazikhethele ukuzithenga kwixesha elizayo. Iqela lesibini lacelwa ukuba lisebenzise ukhetho lwalo lwemveliso yokutshintsha inikotini njengeziziba, iilozenji okanye itshungama, isithuba seenyanga ezintathu. Ukongezelela, omabini la maqela afumana ingcebiso yobuso ngobuso ngeveki malunga nokuyeka ukutshaya kwaye bonke abathathi-nxaxheba balandelwa unyaka omnye. Abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba iipesenti ze-18 zabantu abatshayayo abasebenzisa i-e-cigarettes babengenamsi emva konyaka xa kuthelekiswa nabasebenzisi be-9.9 ekhulwini abathatha unyango lwe-nicotine-replacement. Ke, unyango lwe-e-cigarette lwalusebenza ngokuphindwe kabini i-asin inceda abantu abatshayayo ukuba bayeke xa kuthelekiswa nonyango lwe-nicotine.
Omabini la maqela athi i-e-cigarettes kunye neemveliso ezithatha indawo ye-nicotine zombini zazingonelisi xa kuthelekiswa nogwayi wangempela. Nangona kunjalo, iqela le-e-cigarettes lilinganise izixhobo zabo njengezanelisayo kwaye ziluncedo xa kuthelekiswa neqela le-nicotine. Iqela le-e-cigarette libonise ukucaphuka komlomo ngakumbi kodwa liye lanciphisa ukukhohlela kunye ne-phlegm ngelixa iqela elithatha indawo ye-nicotine liye lafumana isicaphucaphu ngakumbi njengeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yokuqwalaselwa kukuba iipesenti ze-80 zabathathi-nxaxheba kwiqela le-e-cigarettes abaye baphumelela ukuyeka ukutshaya bebesasebenzisa i-e-cigarettes ekupheleni konyaka omnye xa kuthelekiswa neepesenti ze-9 kuphela kwiqela le-nicotine-replacement. Oku kubonise ngokucacileyo ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba beqela le-e-cigarette ngokuqinisekileyo bahlakulela umkhwa wokuzisebenzisa.
Uphononongo lwangoku lulinganiselwe e-UK, ngoko ke izigqibo azinakwenziwa ngokubanzi ngeli xesha njengoko imeko yentlalo kunye nenkcubeko iya kwahluka kwilizwe ngalinye. Kwakhona, amazwe amaninzi awanayo isikhokelo okanye iingcebiso njengenxalenye yenkqubo yokuyeka. I-e-cigarettes iphawulwe njengempikiswano njengoko uphando oluninzi lubonise iziphumo zabo ezimbi kwimpilo yomntu. Naziphi na iingozi ezinokubakho zokusebenzisa i-e-cigarettes kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo ngakumbi kubantu abancinci abanokuchukumiseka kuba imizimba yabantu abancinci kunye nengqondo zisaphuhla zibenza babe sesichengeni ngakumbi kwiziphumo ze-nicotine.
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Umthombo (s)
Hajek P et al. 2019. Uvavanyo oluQhelekileyo lwe-E-Cigarettes ngokuchasene noNyango loTshintsho lweNicotine. N Engl J Med. . 380. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1808779
