IBulgaria ibonakalise ukuba yeyona ndawo indala kuyo iYurophu kuba umntu ubukho ngenxa yobungqina besayensi obukhoyo obusebenzisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu kwekhabhoni ukuthandana kunye nohlalutyo lweeprotheyini kunye ne-DNA evela kwi-homimin ihlala igrunjwa kumqolomba weBacho Kiro, eBulgaria. Uhlalutyo lwedatha lubonisa ukuba iintsalela zineminyaka engama-47000 ubudala kwaye zezeHomo sapiens.
Is Bhulgariya iziko elidala le umntu indaleko in iYurophu? Ewe, ngokufumaneka kobungqina besayensi malunga nobukho beHomo sapiens yakudala eyaziwayo iYurophu ixhalabile. Ukuqinisekiswa kokufumana amathambo amadala eHomo sapiens eYurophu ngoku kuye kwabikwa kwiincwadi zesayensi.
Ukugrunjwa kwindawo yomqolomba weBacho Kiro, kufutshane nendlu yeemonki yaseDryanovo (indlu yeemonki esebenzayo eyasekwa ngenkulungwane ye-12) kwidolophu yaseDryanovo kumbindi weBulgaria, kuvelise eyona indala. umntu ihlala ifumaneka rhoqo kwi iYurophu, ukususela kwiminyaka engama-47,000 XNUMX eyadlulayo.
Malunga neminyaka engama-47,000 eyadlulayo, iqela le abantu wayehlala kumqolomba weBacho Kiro. Babehlala kwizilwanyana ezinjengeenyathi, amahashe asendle kunye neebhere zasemqolombeni. Umqolomba uvelise izinto ezininzi zobugcisa ezifana namaso eempondo zendlovu, iipendenti ezenziwe ngamazinyo ebhere emqolombeni, njl.njl. kunye neqela le-hominin (yeye-hominids yosapho) isala ibandakanya izinyo le-molar kunye namaqhekeza amathambo amaninzi.
Uhlalutyo lwe-morphological lwezinyo le-molar lucebise ukuba lulo umntu imvelaphi. Eminye intsalela ye-hominin ayikwazanga ukuqinisekiswa ekuqaleni ukuba yayiye umntu ngenxa yokuba zonke zaziqhekeza kakhulu ukuba zingabonwa ngenkangeleko. Ukuqinisekiswa kwavela kuhlalutyo lweprotheyini (ngokufunda ngokulandelelana kwe-amino acid kwikhonkco le-polypeptide kwiprotheni ekhutshwe kwithambo) usebenzisa i-protein mass spectrometry. Abaphandi basebenzise i-accelerator mass spectrometer, yamva nje kwikhabhoni ehambelana nedatha ebanzi ye-hominin egrunjiweyo kunye neentsalela zezilwanyana kwaye yavelisa umgca wexesha elichanekileyo eliphezulu lendawo. Ubudala bentsalela ye-hominin yaqinisekiswa kwiminyaka engama-47,000. Uhlalutyo lwe-DNA ye-mitochondrial ekhutshwe kwizinyo le-molar kunye namaqhekeza ethambo le-hominin ngokuqinisekileyo libonisa ukuba iintsalela zikhoyo namhlanje. abantu.
Ezi ziphumo zibonelela ngobungqina bokuqala umntu ubukho kwi iYurophu kwimiqolomba kumbindi weBulgaria kwaye iseka iBulgaria njengeyona ndawo indala esembindini umntu ubukho kwi iYurophu.
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Imithombo:
1. Gibbons A., 2020. Amathambo amadala eHomo sapiens afunyenwe kwi iYurophu. Inzululwazi nge-15 kaMeyi 2020: Vol. 368, Ushicilelo 6492, iphepha 697 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.368.6492.697
2. Hublin, J., Sirakov, N., 2020. I-Initial Upper Palaeolithic Homo sapiens esuka eBacho Kiro Cave, eBulgaria. Indalo (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2259-z
3. Abambalwa, H., Talamo, S. et al. 2020. Ubalo-maxesha lwe-14C kuMbindi ukuya kwinguqu ePhezulu yePalaeolithic eBacho Kiro Cave, eBulgaria. I-Ecology yeNdalo kunye ne-Evolution (2020). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-020-1136-3
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