Umvelaphi sarsens, amatye amakhulu okwenza i-architecture ephambili ye-Stonehenge yayiyimfihlakalo ehlala ihleli kwiinkulungwane ezininzi. Uhlalutyo lwe-geochemical1 yedatha liqela le abembi bezinto zakudala ibonise ngoku ukuba ezi megaliths zisuka kwi West Woods, indawo eyi-25 km kumntla weStonehenge eWiltshire.
Enye yezona ndawo zidumileyo zaseBritane, Stonehenge, kuqikelelwa ukuba yakhiwe ukusuka kwi-3000 BC ukuya kwi-2000 BC. I-complex ye-Stonehenge yenziwa ziindidi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zamatye: i-sarsens enkulu, eyenziwe ngamatye e-sedimentary, kunye ne-bluestone encinci, eyenziwe ngamatye e-igneous.
Amatye e-sarsen anomfanekiso ome nkqo, ayinxalenye engundoqo yomphandle we-Stonehenge, amalunga ne-6.5m ubude kwaye ilitye ngalinye linobunzima obumalunga neetoni ezingama-20. Indlela abantu bamandulo abakwazi ngayo ukusika i-megaliths kwaye bayithuthe kwindawo ngaphandle kokufikelela koomatshini banamhlanje yimfihlakalo ehlala ihleli. Nangona kunjalo, umthombo kunye nemvelaphi yale megaliths ngoku icacile njengoko ichazwe ngezantsi.
La matye makhulu kucingelwa ukuba asuka eMarlborough Downs ekumgama oziikhilomitha ezingama-30 ukusuka eStonehenge. Uhlalutyo lwemichiza1 amatye e-Stonehenge amisela ukwakheka kwezimbiwa zamatye, ezazisetyenziselwa ukuqikelela ummandla wejografi apho amatye e-sarsen avela khona. Amatye e-Sarsen akhoyo e-Stonehenge ngoku aqinisekisiwe ukuba ahanjiswe ukusuka kwi-West Woods e-Marlborough Downs kodwa i-2 ye-megaliths ye-52 ayizange ihambelane neesignesha ze-geochemical zamanye amatye ngoko ke ezi 2 zinemvelaphi engaziwayo.
IWest Woods inobungqina bemisebenzi emininzi yakudala. Amatye mhlawumbi afunyenwe ngabadali be-Stonehenge ngenxa yomgangatho ophezulu kunye namatye amakhulu amakhulu afunyenwe apha.
Kukholelwa ukuba i-Stonehenge yayinokuba yindawo yokungcwaba yakudala njengoko amathambo omntu afunyanwa apho, mhlawumbi indawo yesithethe okanye ukubaluleka kwenkolo kubadali be-Stonehenge.
Ukubaluleka kwesi siza kubadali baso kukwaxhaswa kukuba ilanga lasehlotyeni liphuma phezu kwelitye lesithende, libonisa ukuba ukubekwa kwamatye kwakungamabom kwaye kungekhona nje, kwaye abantu bale nkcubeko babenolwazi oluthile ngeenkwenkwezi. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokunqongophala kobungqina bolwimi olubhaliweyo, i-Stonehenge ihlala iyindawo engaqondakaliyo ye-prehistoric engenanjongo eyaziwayo nangona ibalulekile ngokwaneleyo kubadali bayo kangangokuba bahamba ngeenzame ezinkulu zokumba kunye nokuthutha amatye amakhulu kunye nobunzima.
***
Imbekiselo:
- Nash David J., Ciborowski T. Jake R., Ullyott J. Stewart et al 2020. Imvelaphi ye-sarsen megaliths e-Stonehenge. Ukuqhubela phambili kwezeNzululwazi 29 Jul 2020: Vol. 6, hayi. 31, eabc0133. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc0133
***
