Uphononongo lwemfuzo olusekwe kwi-DNA yamandulo ekhutshwe kumathambo asele efakwe kwiplastikhi yasePompeii yamaxhoba ogqabhuko-dubulo lwentaba-mlilo yeNtaba iVesuvius ngowama-79 CE iphikisana nokutolikwa kwemveli malunga nobuntu bamaxhoba kunye nobudlelwane. Uphononongo lukwabonisa ukuba amaPompei ayeyinzala yabaphambukeli bamva nje basempuma yeMeditera ehambelana necosmopolitanism ebonwa kubukumkani bamaRoma bexesha langoku.
IPompeii yayisisixeko samandulo samazibuko aseRoma eItali. Ugqabhuko-dubulo olukhulu lweNtaba iVesuvius ngowama-79 CE lwasitshabalalisa laza lasigqumelela eso sixeko eluthuthwini, labulala amawaka abemi baso. Iimilo kunye neefom zamaxhoba zigcinwe ngenxa yokuxinwa kwe-pumice lapilli kunye nediphozithi yothuthu ukusuka kwintaba-mlilo ejikeleze imizimba. Ulwandlalo lwemizimba lwafunyanwa ngabaphandi kwiinkulungwane eziliqela kamva ngokuzalisa imingxuma ngodaka. Iisamente ze-plaster ezenziweyo zifakwe kunye neentsalela zamathambo abemi besixeko.
Izifundo zofuzo zisebenzisa iintsalela zabantu ezifakwe kwi-plaster casts ziye zafumana imingeni ngenxa yobunzima bokubuyisela i-DNA yakudala. Ukusebenzisa iindlela ezisekelwe kwi-PCR, abaphandi banokuphinda bafumane idatha yemfuza kwiindlela ezimfutshane ze-mitochondrial DNA. Ubuchwephesha obutsha buye benza ukuba kutsalwe i-DNA yamandulo ekumgangatho ophezulu (i-aDNA) emazinyweni nakumathambo enyama.
Kuphononongo olupapashwe nge-7 kaNovemba ka-2024, abaphandi, okokuqala, benza i-genome-wide ye-DNA yamandulo kunye nedatha ye-isotopic ye-strontium ukusuka kwiintsalela zomntu kwi-plaster casts ukuze babonise abantu bamandulo basePompeian. Izigqibo zohlalutyo lwemfuza zifunyaniswa ziphikisana nebali lemveli.
Ngokwesiko, "umntu omdala onxibe isacholo segolide nomntwana ethangeni" utolikwa ngokuthi "umama nomntwana", ngelixa "isibini sabantu abasweleke ewolweni" bacingelwa njengoodade. Nangona kunjalo, uhlalutyo lwemfuzo lufumanise ukuba umntu omdala kwimeko yokuqala uyindoda enganxulumananga nomntwana ophikisa ukutolika kwemveli kamama nomntwana. Ngokufanayo, ubuncinane umntu omnye kwimeko yesibini yabantu abawoleneyo wafunyanwa eyindoda yemfuza ephikisa ukutolika ngokwesithethe koodade. Oku kubonisa ukuba ukujonga ixesha elidlulileyo kunye neengcinga zanamhlanje malunga nokuziphatha ngokwesini kunokungathembeki.
Uphononongo lukwafumanise ukuba amaPompeya aphuma ikakhulu kubaphambukeli bamva nje bevela kwimpuma yeMeditera ehambelana necosmopolitanism ebonwa kubukumkani bamaRoma banamhlanje.
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Iingxelo:
- UPilli E., okqhubekayo 2024. Imiceli mngeni yeDNA yamandulo ekutolikweni okukhoyo kwePompeii plaster cast. Ibhayoloji yangoku. Ipapashwe nge-7 Novemba 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2024.10.007
- UMax-Planck-Gesellschaft. Igumbi leendaba-Ubungqina be-DNA bubhala kwakhona ibali labantu abangcwatywe kugqabhuko-dubulo lwasePompeii. Ithunyelwe nge-7 Novemba 2024. Iyafumaneka e https://www.mpg.de/23699890/1106-evan-dna-evidence-rewrites-story-of-people-buried-in-pompeii-eruption-150495-x
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Amanqaku afanelekileyo
- Amathambo eChromosomes yaMandulo ene-3D engaguqukiyo yoLwakhiwo lwe-Extinct Woolly Mammoth (22 Julayi 2024).
- Uphando lwe-aDNA lutyhila iinkqubo “zosapho kunye nokuzalana” koluntu lwangaphambili (31 Julayi 2023)
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