Abaphandi baseMax Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics balinganise ngempumelelo utshintsho oluncinci olungenasiphelo Bunzima yeathom nganye elandela ukutsiba komyinge weeelectron ngaphakathi ngokusebenzisa ibhalansi yeathom yePentatrap echanekileyo kwiZiko eHeidelberg.
Kwi-classical mechanics, 'Bunzima' yipropathi ebalulekileyo ebonakalayo yayo nayiphi na into engatshintshiyo - ubunzima buyatshintsha ngokuxhomekeke 'kwisantya ngenxa yomxhuzulane' kodwa Bunzima ihlala ingatshintshi. Le ngcamango yokungaguquguquki kobunzima yinto esisiseko kwiNewtonian mechanics, nangona kunjalo, akunjalo kwihlabathi le-quantum.
Ithiyori ye-Einstein yonxulumano yanika ingcamango yokulingana kwamandla amaninzi nto leyo ethetha ukuba ubunzima bento akufunekanga buhlale buhleli buhleli; inokuguqulwa ibe (ixabiso elilinganayo) lamandla kwaye ngokuphambanayo. Le inter-ubudlelwane okanye interchangeability yobunzima kunye amandla enye kwenye yenye yeyokucinga okusembindini kwisayensi kwaye inikwe yi-equation edumileyo E=mc2 njengephuma kwithiyori ekhethekileyo ka-Einstein yonxulumano apho u-E engamandla, m bubunzima kwaye c sisantya sokukhanya kwivacuum.
Le nxaki E=mc2 idlalwa kuyo yonke indawo kodwa ibonwa kakhulu, umzekelo, kwi atomic ii-reactors apho ilahleko yobunzima obuyinxenye ngexesha lokuqhekeka kwenyukliya kunye neentshukumo zokudityaniswa kwenyukliya zikhokelela kumthamo omkhulu wamandla.
Kwihlabathi le-atomic, xa i-electron itsiba 'isiya' okanye 'isuka' kwenye i-orbital kwenye, isixa samandla esilingana ne 'gap yenqanaba lamandla' phakathi kwamanqanaba amabini e-quantum ayafunxwa okanye akhululwe. Ngoko ke, ngokuhambelana nefomula yokulingana kwamandla amaninzi, ubunzima be- iatom kufuneka inyuke xa ifunxa amandla kwaye ngokuchaseneyo, kufuneka ihle xa ikhupha amandla. Kodwa utshintsho kubunzima be-athom obulandela utshintsho lwequantum yeeelectron ngaphakathi kwe-athomu, lunokuba luncinci kakhulu ukumetwa; into engazange yenzeke ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Kodwa akusenjalo!
Abaphandi baseMax Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics baye balinganisa ngempumelelo olu tshintsho luncinci ngokungenasiphelo kubunzima bee-athom zomntu okokuqala, ekusenokwenzeka ukuba yeyona ndawo iphezulu kwifiziksi echanekileyo.
Ukufezekisa oku, abaphandi baseMax Planck Institute basebenzise ibhalansi ye-athomu ye-Pentatrap echanekileyo kwiZiko laseHeidelberg. PENTATRAP imele 'ukuchaneka okuphezulu kwePenning trap mass spectrometer', ibhalansi enokulinganisa ngokungenasiphelo utshintsho oluncinci kubunzima be-athom kulandela ukutsiba komyinge wee-electron ngaphakathi.
I-PENTATRAP ke ngoko ibhaqa iimeko ze-elektroniki ezinokumetastable ngaphakathi kwee-athom.
Ingxelo ichaza uqwalaselo lwemeko ye-elektroniki enemetastable ngokulinganisa umahluko omkhulu phakathi komhlaba kunye namazwe achwayitisayo eRhenium.
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Iingxelo:
1. I-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft 2020. Igumbi leendaba - i-Pentatrap ilinganisa umahluko phakathi kobunzima phakathi kwee-quantum states. Ithunyelwe nge-07 kuMeyi 07, 2020. Iyafumaneka kwi-intanethi https://www.mpg.de/14793234/pentatrap-quantum-state-mass?c=2249 Ifikeleleke nge-07 Meyi 2020.
2. Schüssler, RX, Bekker, H., Braß, M. et al. Ukufunyanwa kweemeko ze-elektroniki ezinokumetastable nguPenning trap mass spectrometry. Indalo 581, 42-46 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2221-0
3. JabberWok ngesiNgesi Q52, 2007. Imodeli ye-athomu yeBohr. [umfanekiso kwi-intanethi] Iyafumaneka e https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bohr_atom_model.svg Ifunyenwe i08 ngoMeyi 2020.
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