Imvelaphi iiripples engaqondakaliyo ebizwa bekukubi Amaza angaphezu kwesibhakabhaka eAntarctica afunyenwe okokuqala
Izazinzulu zichongiwe bekukubi amaza ngaphezulu E-Antarctica isibhakabhaka ngonyaka ka-2016. Amaza omxhuzulane, eyayingaziwa ngaphambili, iluphawu lwamazambaza amakhulu aqhubeka etshayela kwiatmosfera ye-Antarctic ephezulu kwiiyure ezi-3-10. La maza ayaziwa ukuba ayenzeka rhoqo esasazeka kwi-atmosfera yoMhlaba kwaye athanda ukunyamalala emva kwexesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphezulu kwe-Antarctica la maza azingisa kakhulu njengoko kubonwa kuphononongo lwamaxesha ngoosonzululwazi. La maza ayebizwa ngokuba ‘ngamaza omxhuzulane’ ngenxa yokuba ayeyilwe ngamandla omhlaba bekukubi kunye nokujikeleza kwayo kwaye zazihamba ngeekhilomitha ezingama-3000 kumeko we-mesosphere. Ezona maleko zomoya woMhlaba yitroposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere kunye nethermosphere ibe ngumaleko othe qelele phezulu. Ngelo xesha ngo-2016, abaphandi bebengekakwazi ukuqonda imvelaphi yala maza. Nangona kunjalo kubalulekile ukuphawula imvelaphi yamaza omxhuzulane ukuze siqonde unxibelelwano phakathi kwemigangatho eyahlukeneyo kwiatmosfera yoMhlaba enokuthi ke isinike ulwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga nendlela umoya ojikeleza ngayo kwindawo yethu. iplanethi.
Ukulandela imvelaphi yamaza omxhuzulane
Kwiphononongo epapashwe kuyo Ijenali yoPhando lweGeophysical, iqela elifanayo labaphandi baye badibanisa ukujonga ixesha lokwenyani kunye nolwazi lwethiyori kunye neemodeli ukuvelisa imikhondo malunga namaza omxhuzulane.1. Bacebise ngeengcaciso ezimbini ezinokubakho zemvelaphi ekunokwenzeka ukuba (yaye yenziwa njani kwaye phi) yala maza 'azingileyo' womxhuzulane. Isiphakamiso sokuqala sesokuba la maza mhlawumbi asuka kumaza amancinane akwinqanaba elisezantsi kumphakamo weatmosferi ngezantsi kwe-mesosphere okt istratosphere (iimayile ezingama-30 ngaphezu komphezulu woMhlaba). Imimoya equkuqela isihla ezintabeni ibonelela ngokutyhala kula maza womxhuzulane asezantsi iwenza abe makhulu kwaye namaza ekugqibeleni anyukele phezulu kwiatmosfera. Nje ukuba amaza omxhuzulane afikelele esiphelweni se-stratosphere, ayaphuka kwaye abe nemincili njengamaza elwandle ngaloo ndlela evelisa amaza amakhulu anobude obuthe tye ukuya kuma-2000 eekhilomitha (ngelixa amaza amancinane asezantsi emi kwiikhilomitha ezingama-400) kwaye andise kakhulu kwi-mesosphere. Le ndlela yolwakhiwo inokubizwa ngokuba 'sisisizukulwana sesibini samaza'. Ababhali baye baqaphela ukuba amaza esibini enziwa ngokuzingileyo ebusika kunamanye amaxesha kwaye ke afanele ukuba enzeka phakathi ukuya kwizide eziphakamileyo kuzo zombini iihemispheres. Enye indlela yesibini enokwenzeka ecetyiswe ngabaphandi kukuba amaza omxhuzulane asuka kwi-swirling polar vortex. Le vortex yindawo enoxinzelelo oluphantsi olujikelezayo kwaye luthathe isibhakabhaka sase-Antarctica ngexesha lasebusika. Olu hlobo lomoya kunye nemozulu lujikeleza ebusika malunga ne-South Pole. Loo mimoya ijikeleza ngesantya esiphezulu inokuwaguqula amaza omxhuzulane okwinqanaba elisezantsi njengoko ihambela phezulu esibhakabhakeni okanye isenokuvelisa amaza esibini. Ababhali bathi enye yeengcebiso zabo malunga nemvelaphi yamaza omxhuzulane inokuchaneka kwaye isiphelo esibambekayo sisenokufuna uphando olongezelelweyo.
Uphando kwi-Antarctica ebandayo
Ukuqonda imvelaphi usebenzisa isiphakamiso sokuqala, ithiyori kaVadas yamaza omxhuzulane wesibini yaqwalaselwa kunye nemodeli enesisombululo esiphezulu eyenziwe ngabaphandi kwaye ithiyori yaqulunqwa. Abaphandi baqhuba iimodeli zekhompyuter, ukulinganisa kunye nokubala. Baphinde basebenzise ukufakwa kwenkqubo yelidar - indlela yokulinganisa esekwe kwi-laser - apho basinda kwimimoya ebandayo ebandayo kunye namaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-zero e-Antarctica. Inkqubo yase-Antarctic yase-US kunye nenkqubo ye-Antarctica New Zealand ibaxhase ngemali ixesha leminyaka esibhozo e-Antarctica. Inkqubo yelidar inamandla kakhulu kwaye yomelele kwaye iyakwazi ukumisela ubushushu kunye nokuxinana kuyo yonke imimandla eyahlukeneyo yomoya. Inokurekhoda ngempumelelo ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa ngamaza omxhuzulane. Ubuchwephesha buluncedo kakhulu ekurekhodweni imimandla yomoya osingqongileyo eyona nto inzima ukuyiqwalasela ngenye indlela. Uphononongo lwamaza omoya kwi-South Pole lubalulekile ekuphuculeni imozulu kunye neemodeli ezinxulumene nemozulu ezinokuthi zisetyenziselwe ukurekhodwa kwexesha lokwenyani kunye neenjongo zophando. Nkqu namandla kunye nomfutho wamaza womxhuzulane unokulinganiswa ngezixokelelwano ezinamandla zamaciko.
Olu phononongo lucebisa ukuba amaza omxhuzulane achaphazela ukujikeleza komoya wehlabathi kwi-atmosfera nto leyo echaphazela amaqondo obushushu kunye nokushukuma kweekhemikhali eziphembelela ukutshintsha kwemozulu. Iimodeli zangoku zemozulu ezikhoyo azibandakanyi ngokupheleleyo amandla ala maza. Kubalulekile ukufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-stratosphere ukuqonda iziphumo kucwecwe lwe-ozone olufumaneka ikakhulu kwingingqi esezantsi yestratosphere. Ukuqonda okucacileyo kwamaza omxhuzulane, ngakumbi indlela amaza esibini enziwa ngayo kunokusinceda siphucule iimodeli zangoku zokulinganisa ukulinganisa. Ababhali bayazamkela ezinye iithiyori ezihambelanayo ezikhoyo2 ukusuka 2016 ecebisa ukuba vibrations of Ross Ice Shelf e Antarctica ebangelwa amaza olwandle mhlawumbi uxanduva ekudaleni ezi ripples emoyeni kunye undulations. Uphononongo lwangoku luye lwanceda ukwenza umfanekiso ocacileyo wokuziphatha kwe-atmospheric yehlabathi nangona iimfihlelo ezininzi zisafuna ukulungiswa. Indibaniselwano yokuqwalaselwa kunye nemodeli yekhompyuter inokunceda ukutyhila iimfihlo ezininzi zoku yonke.
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{Unokufunda iphepha lokuqala lophando ngokunqakraza ikhonkco le-DOI elinikwe ngezantsi kuluhlu lwemithombo ecatshulweyo (s)}
Umthombo (s)
1. Xinzhao C et al. 2018. Ukuqwalaselwa kweLidar kwamaza obunzima be-stratospheric ukusuka kwi-2011 ukuya kwi-2015 kuMcMurdo (77.84 ° S, 166.69 ° E), i-Antarctica: Icandelo II. Ukuxinana kwamandla okunokwenzeka, log ukuhanjiswa okuqhelekileyo, kunye nokwahluka kwamaxesha onyaka. Ijenali yoPhando lweGeophysics. https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JD027386
2. UOleg A et al. 2016. I-resonance vibrations ye-Ross Ice Shelf kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwamaza omoya aqhubekayo. Ijenali yoPhando lweGeophysical: Space Physics.
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA023226
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