Izinga lokulahleka komkhenkce kwi umhlaba inyuke ngama-57% ukusuka kwi-0.8 ukuya kwi-1.2 yeetriliyoni zeetoni ngonyaka ukususela ngo-1990. Ngenxa yoko, umgangatho wolwandle unyuke malunga ne-35 mm. Uninzi lwelahleko yomkhenkce ibalelwa kukufudumala kwe umhlaba.
Imo iyatshintsha, omnye wemiba ephambili yemekobume abantu abajamelene nayo yincopho yothotho lweenkqubo ezinxibeleleneyo ezenziwe ngumntu. Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukuveliswa kwemizi-mveliso kunye neminye imisebenzi enxulumene noko kukhokelela ekwandeni kweegesi ze-greenhouse emoyeni ezithi zibambe ngakumbi imitha ye-infrared ekhokelela ekwandeni kwamaqondo obushushu. umhlaba (ubushushu bukazwe lonke). Ukufudumala umhlaba kukhokelela kwilahleko yomkhenkce kwihlabathi jikelele ebangelwa kukunyibilika ngokukodwa kwimikhenkce, ezintabeni nakwimimandla encanyana. Ngenxa yoko, ukunyuka komphakamo wolwandle kungoko ukwanda komngcipheko wezikhukula kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni kunye nefuthe elibi kuluntu noqoqosho ngokubanzi. Esona sizathu siphambili Umhlaba ilahleko yomkhenkce ubushushu bukazwe lonke. Ubungakanani belahleko yomkhenkce ngokwemiqathango yobungakanani ngokunxulumene Umhlaba ukufudumala kwakungaziwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Uphando olutsha lunika ukukhanya koku okokuqala.
Ukuze ufumane umlinganiselo apho i umhlaba ulahlekelwe ngumkhenkce kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu edlulileyo; Iqela lophando lisebenzise ngokuyintloko idatha yokujonga ngesathelayithi eqokelelwe ukusuka kwi-1994 ukuya ku-2017. Kwi-Antarctic kunye neGreenland ice sheets, imilinganiselo yesathelayithi yodwa yayisetyenziswa ngelixa kwiishelfu zeqhwa ze-Antarctic, indibaniselwano yoqwalaselo lwesathelayithi kunye nemilinganiselo ye-situ yasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa utshintsho entabeni. Imikhenkce yomkhenkce kunye nomkhenkce wolwandle, indibanisela yeemodeli zamanani kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwesathelayithi kwasetyenziswa.
Iqela liyifumene loo nto umhlaba ilahlekelwe yi-28 yezigidi zezigidi zeetoni zomkhenkce phakathi kuka-1994 no-2017. Eyona lahleko inkulu yayikumkhenkce woLwandle lwe-Arctic (i-7.6 yeetoni zetriliyoni), iishelfu ze-Antarctic zomkhenkce (i-6.5 yetriliyoni zeetoni), imikhenkce yeentaba (i-6.1 yeetriliyoni zeetoni) ilandelwa yi-ice sheet yaseGreenland ( I-3.8 yeetriliyoni zeetoni), i-Antarctic ice sheet (2.5 yeetriliyoni zeetoni), kunye nomkhenkce wolwandle lwaseMazantsi (0.9 yeetriliyoni zeetoni). Lilonke, ilahleko yayingakumbi kuMntla weIkhweyitha. Izinga lokulahleka komkhenkce kwi umhlaba inyuswe ngama-57% ukusuka kwi-0.8 ukuya kwi-1.2 yeetriliyoni zeetoni ngonyaka ukususela ngo-1990. Ngenxa yoko, umgangatho wolwandle unyuke malunga ne-35 mm kwaye ukulahleka komkhenkce odadayo kuye kwanciphisa i-albedo. Uninzi lwelahleko yomkhenkce kubalelwa kuyo ukufudumala Zomhlaba.
Ukunyuka komphakamo wolwandle kuya kuchaphazela kakubi uluntu oluhlala elunxwemeni kumaxesha azayo.
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Imithombo:
- Slater, T., Lawrence, IR, et al 2021. Inqaku lokuphonononga: Ukungalingani komkhenkce woMhlaba, iCryosphere, 15, 233–246, Ipapashiwe: 25 Jan 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-233-2021
- I-ESA 2021. Izicelo - Ihlabathi lethu lilahlekelwa ngumkhenkce ngesantya serekhodi. Ipapashwe: 25 Jan 2021.Ifumaneka kwi-intanethi https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/CryoSat/Our_world_is_losing_ice_at_record_rate Ifikeleleke nge-26 kaJanuwari 2021.
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