Uphononongo kwiimpuku lubonisa ukuba ukuthatha ixesha elide kakhulu lokutya protein equlethe ixabiso eliphezulu le-branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) inokubangela ukungalingani kwi-amino acids kunye nokulawula ukutya. Oku kuchaphazela impilo yemetabolism kwaye kubangela ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphila.
Isempilweni ukutya kufuneka ibe nezixa ezilungeleleneyo zemacronutrients (protein, i-carbohydrate kunye namafutha), iifayibha, iivithamini kunye neeminerali. Uphando oluninzi lujolise ekubalulekeni kwezixa ezilinganayo zokutya protein, amafutha kunye neecarbohydrates ukuze kulungelwe thina impilo. Nakuphi na ukungalingani kwimilinganiselo yezi macronutrients ekutyeni kwethu kwaziwa ngokubangela ukugula.
protein yimacromolecule entsonkothileyo eyenziwe ngeeamino acids. Kukho i-amino acids ezingama-20, ezisithoba ziyimfuneko ezinokuthi zikwazi ukwenza umzimba ukuba wenze i-11 eseleyo. I-branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) yenziwe ngamathathu asithoba abalulekileyo amino acid - i-leucine, isoleucine kunye ne-valine. Izihlunu, ibhloko engundoqo yokwakha yomzimba iqulunqwe ikakhulu protein. I-BCAAs yaphukile kwimisipha, ineekhalori eziphezulu kwaye isetyenziselwa ubunzima bemisipha ababonelela ngayo. Ii-BCAAs zikhona kwi protein ukutya okufana nenyama ebomvu, amaqanda, iimbotyi, iilentile, isoya protein njl. kwaye ziqhelekile ukubakho kwi abanxibe impahla protein izongezo ezisetyenziswe emva kokuzilolonga okanye ukuzilolonga. Akukho maphononongo aneleyo enziweyo ukuvavanya iziphumo ezibi zokusebenzisa kakhulu ii-BCAAs. Iziphumo zabo zexesha elide kwimpilo kunye nobomi azikaziwa.
Kwiphononongo epapashwe kuyo Uhlobo lweMetabolism nge-29 ka-Epreli, abaphandi be-2019 bajonge ukufumanisa ukuba ukuphatha ixesha elide lokutya i-BCAAs kunokuba nefuthe kwimpilo kunye nobomi. Kuvavanyo lwazo olwenziwe kwiimpuku, izilwanyana zatya ubomi bazo bonke nokuba (a) isixa esiqhelekileyo se-BCAA okt 200 pesenti (b) isiqingatha semali okt 50 ekhulwini okanye (c) isinye kwisihlanu semali okt 20 ekhulwini. Ecaleni, iigundane zanikwa i-isocaloric, izixa ezimiselweyo zezinye i-macronutrients - i-carbohydrates kunye namafutha. Ukuthathwa kwe-BCAAs egqithisileyo kukhokelele kwizixa eziphezulu ze-BCAAs egazini kwaye oku kwabonakala kuthintele ukuthuthwa kwenye i-tryptophan engeyiyo ye-BCAA isiya ebuchotsheni. I-Tryptophan yeyona nto iphambili kwi-hormone ye-serotonin eneziphumo zokunyusa imo yengqondo kwaye ke ibalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukulala. Nje ukuba i-tryptophan ivalwe ukuba ifikelele ebuchotsheni, oku kukhokelele ekuncipheni kwamanqanaba e-serotonin esembindini akhokelela ekutyeni okugqithisileyo (okanye i-hyperphagia) kwiimpuku ngokuyintloko ngenxa yokungalingani kwe-amino acid ngokunyuka komlinganiselo we-BCAAs: non-BCAAs. Ke, iimpuku zitye ukutya okugqithisileyo (zombini amandla ewonke kunye nee-BCAAs) -ekwabizwa ngokuba yimbuyekezo yokutya-okukhokelela ekunyukeni kobunzima bomzimba kunye nobunzima bamafutha ngaloo ndlela kubenza batyebe kwaye banciphise ubomi babo.
Olu phononongo lubonisa ukuba ubudlelwane phakathi kwamanqanaba anyukayo okujikeleza kwe-BCAAs egazini kunye neziphumo ezibi zempilo azibonakali zidibene nobutyhefu be-BCAA obungaphakathi okanye ubungozi. Ubudlelwane benziwa ngenxa yokusebenzisana phakathi kwe-BCAAs kunye nezinye i-amino acids ezibalulekileyo kwaye oku kwakukhokelela kwi-hyperphagia enkulu. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba ukuthatha ixabiso eliphezulu le-BCAAs yokutya ixesha elide kunye nezixa ezimiselweyo zezinye i-macronutrients kunokubangela i-hyperphagia eqhutywa kukungalingani kwe-amino acid kwaye ichaphazele impilo ye-metabolic kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokuphila. Nangona izixa eziphezulu ze-BCAAs zingenzeka kuzo zombini iimpuku ezisempilweni kunye nezingekho mpilweni. Ke ngoko, i-BCAA iyodwa ayinakuba yiyo kuphela i-biomarker yempilo ye-metabolic.
Uphononongo lwangoku luphinda lumisele ukubaluleka kokutya ukutya okunempilo okunesondlo okuneentlobo ngeentlobo zeemacronutrients, iifayibha, iivithamini kunye neeminerali kunye nokuthintela ukuthathwa kwezongezo ezingafunekiyo.
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Umthombo (s)
USolon-Biet SM et al. 2019. Ii-amino acids zesetyana zinefuthe kwimpilo kunye nobomi obungathanga ngqo ngokulinganisela kwe-amino acid kunye nokulawula ukutya. Ubume beMetabolism. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-019-0059-2
