Ukusetyenziswa kweCaffeine kubangela ukuNcitshiswa kweGrey Matter Volume

Uphononongo lwabantu lwakutsha nje lubonise ukuba nje iintsuku ezili-10 zokusetyenziswa kwe-caffeine kubangele ukuncitshiswa okukhulu okuxhomekeke kwidosi kwigrey. kungakhathaliseki umthamo kwilobe yexeshana ephakathi¹, enemisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo efana nokuqonda, ukulawula iimvakalelo kunye nokugcinwa kweenkumbulo². Oku kubonisa ukuba kunokubakho iziphumo ezikhawulezayo, zehlabathi zokwenyani zokusebenzisa i-caffeine, efana nekofu, kwi ngengqondo imisebenzi.

Icaffeine sisistim semithambo-luvo esisembindini³. Caffeine I-metabolises kwiikhompawundi ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni, i-paraxanthine kunye nezinye i-xanthines⁴. Ezona ndlela ziphambili zokwenza izinto ezidibene necaffeine kunye neemetabolites zayo kukuchasana kwe-adenosine receptors, ukuhlanganiswa kokugcinwa kwe-intracellular calcium kunye nokuvinjwa kwe-phosphodiesterases.⁴.

Caffeine iibhloko A₁ kunye A_2A i-adenosine receptors⁴, ngaloo ndlela iyeka i-adenosine eyenza isenzo sayo ngezi zamkeli ezisengqondweni. A₁ i-receptors ifumaneka phantse kuzo zonke iindawo zobuchopho kwaye inokuthintela ukukhululwa kwee-neurotransmitters⁴. Ke ngoko, ukuchasana kwezi zamkeli kubangela ukwanda kwe-neurotransmitters evuselela i-dopamine, i-norepinephrine kunye ne-glutamate.⁴. Ngapha koko, inkcaso ka-A_2A ii-receptors zonyusa umqondiso we-dopamine D₂ zamkeli⁴, inegalelo elingakumbi kwimpembelelo evuselelayo. Nangona kunjalo, i-adenosine inefuthe le-vasodilatory kunye nefuthe le-caffeine yokuthintela i-adenosine receptors kwingqondo ibangela ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwingqondo.⁴ enokuba negalelo kwingwevu ekhawulezayo kungakhathaliseki i-atrophy ebonwa kwi-lobe yexesha eliphakathi yi-caffeine¹.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-intracellular calcium kunokunyusa imveliso yamandla ekhontrakthi ngezihlunu zamathambo ezinokubangela ukusebenza komzimba okuphuculweyo kwe-caffeine.⁴, kunye ne-phosphodiesterase inhibition yayo (ebangela imiphumo ye-vasodilatory⁵) ayibonakali njengoko ifuna iidosi eziphezulu kakhulu ze-caffeine⁴.

Iziphumo ezikhuthazayo ze-caffeine ezikhokelela ekwandeni kokubonakaliswa kwe-dopaminergic kubangela ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sikaParkinson.⁴ (njengoko ukunciphisa i-dopamine kukholelwa ukuba negalelo kwisifo). Ukongeza, inxulunyaniswe kwizifundo ze-epidemiological kunye nomngcipheko ophantsi kakhulu wokuphuhlisa izifo ze-neurodeergenerative, ezifana nesifo se-Alzheimer's.⁴. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhamba kwegazi okucuthiweyo kobuchopho kunokuba neziphumo ezibi kwaye kudala ukudityaniswa okuntsokothileyo okwenza ukuba kucace ukuba i-caffeine yinto entle okanye engalunganga kwimpilo yengqondo njengoko iziphumo zayo zokwandisa i-dopamine zinokubangela ukuncipha kuphuhliso lwesifo i-Alzheimer's kodwa ngaphandle kwe-caffeine. iziphumo ezahlukeneyo zokuqonda ngesenzo sayo esivuselelayo, ikwaneziphumo zokwandisa ixhala kunye "nochasa ukulala".³. Oku kwenza ukuba eli chiza le-psychostimulant lifunyanwe ngokwendalo lintsonkothe ​​kakhulu kwaye linokwenza ukuba lisetyenziselwe umntu ngamnye, njengeziphumo ezicacileyo zokuphucula ukusebenza komthambo, kodwa kufuneka lenze ukusetyenziswa ngononophelo ngenxa yeziphumo ezithintela ukuhamba kwegazi ebuchotsheni kwaye kubangele ukuncipha kwengwevu. kungakhathaliseki kwilobe yexesha eliphakathi.

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Iingxelo:  

1. UYu-Shiuan Lin, uJanine Weibel, uHans-Peter Landolt, uFrancesco Santini, uMartin Meyer, uJulia Brunmair, uSamuel M Meier-Menches, uChristopher Gerner, uStefan Borgwardt, uChristian Cajochen, uCarolin Reichert, iCaffeine yemihla ngemihla yokuThatha iCaffeine yemihla ngemihla yenza iPlastiki yeXesha eXhomeke kwiNxibelelwano kuBantu: Uvavanyo oluLawulwayo lwe-Multimodal Double-Blind Randomized Randomized, Cerebral Cortex, Umqulu 31, Ukukhutshwa 6, Juni 2021, amaphepha 3096–3106, Ipapashwe: 15 February 2021.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab005  

2. Ngqo kwiNzululwazi ngo-2021. Umxholo- I-Medil Temporal Lobe.

3. I-Nehlig A, i-Daval JL, i-Debry G. I-Caffeine kunye nenkqubo ye-nervous central: iindlela zesenzo, i-biochemical, i-metabolic and psychostimulant effects. I-Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 1992 May-Aug; 17 (2): 139-70. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-0173(92)90012-b. PMID: 1356551. 

4. Cappelletti, S., Piacentino, D., Sani, G., & Aromatario, M. (2015). I-caffeine: isiphuculi sokusebenza kwengqondo kunye nomzimba okanye ichiza elisebenza kwengqondo? I-neuropharmacology yangoku, 13(1), 71-88. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X13666141210215655 

5. I-Padda IS, i-Tripp J. Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors. [Ihlaziywe ngo-2020 ngoNovemba 24]. Ku: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan-. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559276/ 

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