Ukumelana nosulelo lwe-COVID-19 kuye kwaphawulwa kubasebenzi bokhathalelo lwezempilo kwaye kubalelwa kubukho beeseli zememori T ezijolise kwi-memory cell. RNA i-polymerase kwi-RTC (i-replication transcription complex), ngaloo ndlela ikhusela usulelo. Oku kwenza RNA i-polymerase eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekujoliswe kuyo ekwenzeni isitofu sokugonya i-pan-coronavirus esiya kusebenza ngokuchasene ne-SARS-CoV-2 kunye nezinye izinto ezixhalabisayo (i-VoC's), kodwa ngokuchasene nosapho Ii-Coronaviruses nje.
Covid-19 bhubhane ngoku iphantse yaneminyaka emi-2 ubudala kwaye ibangele inkathazo phakathi kwehlabathi ngokuphazamisa uqoqosho lwehlabathi nokumisa indlela eqhelekileyo yokuphila. Izigidi zabantu ziye zasweleka kwaye uninzi lwabanye bosulelwe sesi sifo sikhokelela kumanqanaba aphezulu okugula. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko apho abantu baye balususa usulelo kwinkqubo ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba bangakhange bavavanye ukuba banayo. intsholongwane okanye zenze izilwa-buhlungu ezichasene nayo. Oku kuxhathisa kuye kwabangelwa yi inkumbulo Iiseli ze-T-mhlawumbi ezo ziveliswa emva kokuvezwa kwenkqubo yomntu kwinto enjalo iintsholongwane.
Kuphononongo lwakutsha nje olupapashwe kwiNdalo ngu-Swalding et al., Iisampulu zegazi ezivela kubasebenzi bezempilo abangama-60, ababesemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuphuhlisa. Covid-19 ngenxa yokuvezwa kwazo, zahlolwa kwaye kwafunyaniswa ukuba azinayo i intsholongwane kunye ne-antibodies ngokuchasene ne- Intsholongwane 1. Kucingelwa ukuba iiseli ze-T zememori esele zikho ngaphambili, ezinokuthi zikhuseleke ngokunqamlezayo ngokuchasene ne-SARS-CoV-2, zanda kwi-vivo ukuze zibonelele ngokucocwa kwentsholongwane ngokukhawuleza, ngaloo ndlela zikhupha usulelo. Ezi seli T zijoliswe ngokuchaseneyo I-RNA polymerase kwi-RTC (i-replication transcription complex), kunayo nayiphi na enye iprotein yesakhiwo intsholongwane. Ezi seli ze-T zememori zinokuba ziveliswe kubasebenzi bokhathalelo lwempilo ngokuvezwa kwenye i-corona yokuphefumla okanye enxulumeneyo iintsholongwane, nangona kungekho bungqina buthe ngqo obufanayo. Kwakhona kusenokwenzeka ukuba bekukho ezinye izinto ezibangela imekobume ezikhokelele ekuvelisweni kwezi seli T. Ukongeza, aba bantu bane-sero-negative babonakalise ukonyuka kwe-IFI27, iprotein ebonisa ukosuleleka kwe-SARS-CoV-2. IFI27 yiprotein ye-interferon alpha inducible ebonakaliswa ngokugqithisileyo ekuvezweni kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuphefumla. iintsholongwane, kuquka i-SARS-CoV-2. Oku kusenokuba noxanduva lokucocwa kwentsholongwane ebantwini, phambi kokuba bevezwe kokunye ukuphefumla iintsholongwane, emva koko wosulelwe yi-SARS-CoV-2.
Into yokuba iiseli T zememori zijoliswe ngokuchasene ne RNA i-polymerase (yeyona igcinwe kakhulu phakathi kwabantu iintsholongwane ze-Corona ebangela ukubanda okuqhelekileyo kunye ne-SARS-CoV-2), yenza le enzyme ibe yinto ekujoliswe kuyo ekuphuhliseni i-pan-intsholongwane ye-Corona Isitofu sokugonya esingayi kujoliswa kuphela kwi-SARS-CoV-2 kunye nezinye izinto ezixhalabisayo (VoC's) eziye zavela ngenxa yotshintsho kwiprotein ye-spike ekhokelela kwisifo esibi kakhulu, kodwa nakwintsapho yeCoronaviruses ngokubanzi.
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umthombo:
Swadling, L., Diniz, MO, Schmidt, NM et al. Iiseli ze-T ezisele zikhona ngaphambili zepolymerase ziyanda kwi-seronegative ye-SARS-CoV-2. Indalo (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04186-8
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