I-Genetics ye-COVID-19: Kutheni abanye abantu beba neempawu ezimandundu

Ubudala obudala kunye nezigulo ziyaziwa njengemiba esemngciphekweni omkhulu we-COVID-19. Ngaba yemfuza i-make-up inokubangela ukuba abanye abantu bachaphazeleke ngakumbi kwiimpawu ezinzima? Kwelinye icala, ngaba ukwenziwa kofuzo kwenza abanye abantu babe nokungakhuseleki kwemvelo kubenza bakhuseleke kwi-COVID-19 nto leyo ethetha ukuba abantu abanjalo banokungawafuni amayeza. Ukuchonga abantu abanokuchaphazeleka ngokwemfuza (ngendlela yohlalutyo lwe-genome) kunokubonelela ngeyona ndlela ichanekileyo yobuqu/echaneka iyeza lokulwa lo bhubhani kunye nezinye izifo ezinomthwalo omkhulu njengomhlaza.  

Covid-19 Iyaziwa ngokuchaphazela ngokungafaniyo abantu abadala kunye nabantu abanezigulo kodwa kubonakala ngathi kukho enye ipateni. Kuyabonakala ukuba, abanye abantu banjalo zofuzo utyekele ngakumbi kwaye utyekele ekuphuhliseni iimpawu ezinzima ezibeka ubomi esichengeni ¹ njengoko kubonisiwe kumatyala achaziweyo njengabazalwana abathathu abakwiqela elifanayo lobudala (ababehlala ngokwahlukeneyo kwaye babenobulumko obuqhelekileyo bezempilo) boyiswa yi-COVID-19 ². Eli qela lincinci labantu lihlupheka ngenxa ye-hyperinflammation, ukuwohloka kweklinikhi kunye nokusilela kwamalungu amaninzi okubangelwa ngenxa yophuhliso Cytokine Storm (CS) apho i-Interleukin-6 (IL-6) ingumlamli ophakathi. Iipolymorphisms ezimbini zofuzo eziqhelekileyo ezibeka phambili kwi-hyperinflammation yiFamily Mediterranean Fever (FMF) kunye neGlucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) ukunqongophala okudityaniswa nokutyeba kwandisa umngcipheko ngakumbi. ³.  

Uphononongo olucwangcisiweyo ludibanisa ukuba sesichengeni yemfuza ezahlukeneyo kwiijini zokusabela komzimba. Kwafunyaniswa ukuba izakhi zofuzo ezingamashumi amane zinxulunyaniswa nokuba sesichengeni kwaye i-21 yale mfuza yayinobudlelwane nophuhliso lweempawu ezinzima. ⁴. Olunye uphononongo luxhasa uluvo lokuba Ufuzo lwe-ACE2 i-polymorphism inegalelo ekubeni sesichengeni se-COVID-19 ⁵. Intsholongwane enoxanduva lwe-COVID-19 isebenzisa i-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor protein ekhoyo kumphezulu weseli ukungena kwiseli. Naluphi na utshintsho kumfuza we-ACE2 lunokuba negalelo elinamandla kwi-COVID. Indima yomamkeli-imfuza ekusesichengeni se-COVID-19 iphandwa kwinqanaba lokwahluka kolwakhiwo (SV) kuphononongo oluxelwe kushicilelo lwangaphambili kutshanje nguSahajpal NS, et al. Kolu phononongo, abaphandi benze uhlalutyo lwe-genome kwizigulana ezingama-37 ezigula kakhulu ze-COVID-19. Olu phando lujolise kwisigulana luchonge i-11 yezakhelo ezinkulu ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya imizila yemfuza engama-38 enendima enokubakho kuphuhliso lweempawu ezinzima ze-COVID-19. ⁶. 

Isiseko solwazi olukhula ngokukhawuleza malunga nendima yomamkeli-imfuza in Covid-19 Ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo kunokubonisa utshintsho olufanelekileyo lokugxila kwindlela ekujoliswe kuyo ekuthinteleni nakunyango lwe-COVID-19. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ucinge ngongenelelo olujoliswe ngokuthe ngqo kwinto eyodwa yemfuza-ukubunjwa kwabantu ngabanye ⁷. Unyango lobuqu, oluchanekileyo okanye ungenelelo nangona kunjalo luya kufuna idatha yohlalutyo lwe-genome kwinqanaba lomntu. Kusenokubakho umba wobumfihlo ojongene nawo, nangona kunjalo, ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kunokungqineka kuluncedo ngakumbi kwiindleko.  

Okwangoku, kukho imibutho yorhwebo ebonelela ngeenkonzo zobuqu eziquka isiseko sempilo yabantu. Nangona kunjalo, iinzame ezicwangcisiweyo ngakumbi kwicandelo likarhulumente ziya kufuneka ukwakha isiseko solwazi kunye neziseko zoncedo lweyeza elichanekileyo lobuqu ukuba libe yinyani. GEN-COVID Multicentre Study ⁸ ezijolise ekufumaneni inqanaba lomntu ngamnye idatha ye-phenotypic kunye ne-genotypic nangona i-biobanking kunye neerekhodi zempilo ukwenza idatha ifumaneke Covid-19 abaphandi kwihlabathi liphela linyathelo eliya phambili kweli cala.  

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Iingxelo:  

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