Ukulala okunxulumene noxinzelelo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwememori yingxaki yezempilo ejongene nabantu abaninzi. I-corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons kwi-nucleus yeparaventricular (PVN) kwi-hypothalamus idlala indima ebalulekileyo ukuphakama kwamanqanaba e-cortisol ekuphenduleni uxinzelelo nangona kunjalo indlela ye-neuronal ayaziwa. Kuphononongo lwakutsha nje malunga neempuku zaselabhoratri, abaphandi bafumanise ukuba ukuvuselela i-corticotropin-ekhupha i-hormone neurons kwi-nucleus ephahleni ye-hypothalamus (CRH).I-PVN) Kwakhona kwavelisa ukuphazamiseka kokulala kunye nokukhubazeka kwememori, efana nemiphumo eveliswa luxinzelelo lokuzibamba, oko kukuthi, zombini uxinzelelo kunye nokuvuselela i-CRHI-PVN I-neurons ivelise iziphumo ezibi ezifanayo ebuthongweni kunye nememori. Ngokuchaseneyo, iziphumo zokulala kunye nememori zazichasene, oko kukuthi, ukulala kunye nememori kuphuculwe xa i-CRHI-PVN iineurons zavalwa. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba iziphumo ezibi zoxinzelelo ebuthongweni kunye nememori zilawulwa yi-CRHI-PVN iindlela ze-neuronal. Ukususela ekuvimbeleni i-CRHI-PVN I-neurons ngexesha loxinzelelo luphucula imisebenzi yokulala kunye nememori, ijolise kwi-CRHI-PVN iindlela ze-neuronal zinokuba sisicwangciso esihle unyango lokulala okunxulumene noxinzelelo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwememori.
Uxinzelelo yimeko yokukhathazeka nokuxhalaba okubangelwa ziimeko ezinzima ebomini. Yindlela yendalo esiphendula ngayo esikhuthaza ukuba sijongane neengxaki kunye nezoyikiso eziphambi kwethu. Wonke umntu uhlangabezana noxinzelelo ngaxa lithile ebomini. Luchaphazela impilo yethu kunye nokuphila kakuhle ukuba alulawulwa kwaye lungajongwa ngokufanelekileyo. Enye yempembelelo ephambili yoxinzelelo kukuphazamiseka ebuthongweni kunye nokuphazamiseka kwenkumbulo.
Umzimba wethu uphendula kuxinzelelo ngokuvelisa i-cortisol, "i-hormone yoxinzelelo." Kwiimeko ezixinzelelekileyo, i-hypothalamus ikhupha i-corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) ethi yona ikhuthaze i-pituitary gland ukuba yenze i-corticotropin okanye i-adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), njengenxalenye ye-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis). I-corticotropin ivuselela i-adrenal cortex ukuba yenze kwaye ikhuphe ii-corticosteroids, ikakhulu ii-glucocorticoids. Inqanaba eliphezulu le-cortisol likhokelela ekuphazamisekeni kwendlela yokulala kunye nokuphazamiseka kwi-circadian rhythm yiyo loo nto kuvela iingxaki zokulala ezinxulumene noxinzelelo. I-Hypothalamus idlala indima ebalulekileyo koku, ngakumbi ii-corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons kwi-paraventricular nucleus (PVN) kwi-hypothalamus. Nangona kunjalo, iindlela zoxinzelelo ezibangela ngayo iingxaki zokulala kunye nenkumbulo azicacanga. Uphando lwakutshanje luye lwajonga oku.
Ukuze baphande indlela i-corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) ekhupha ii-neurons kwi-paraventricular nucleus (PVN) kwi-hypothalamus edibana ngayo neengxaki zokulala kunye nememori ezinxulumene noxinzelelo, abaphandi babangele uxinzelelo kwiimpuku zelebhu ngokuzibamba kwityhubhu yeplastiki. Iimpuku ezixinezelekileyo zifunyenwe ziphazamisekile ebuthongweni. Zikwanengxaki nememori yendawo xa zavavanywa ngosuku olulandelayo. Ezi ziphumo zoxinzelelo ebuthongweni nakwimemori kwiimpuku zelebhu bezilindelekile. Abaphandi emva koko bahlola ukuba ukukhuthazwa kwee-corticotropin-releasing hormone ekhupha ii-neurons kwi-paraventricular nucleus (CRH PVN ) ye-hypothalamus kuvelise iziphumo ezifanayo ebuthongweni nakwimemori kwiimpuku zelebhu ezingaxinezelekanga.
Okunomdla kukuba, ukusebenza kwee-neurons ze-corticotropin-releasing hormone kwi-paraventricular nucleus ye-hypothalamus (CRH PVN ) nako kuvelise ukuphazamiseka kokulala kunye nememori ephazamisekileyo, efana nemiphumo eveliswa luxinzelelo lokuthintela, oko kukuthi, uxinzelelo kunye nokukhuthaza ii-neurons ze-CRH PVN kuvelise iziphumo ezifanayo ekulaleni nakwimemori. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iziphumo ekulaleni nakwimemori zazichasene, oko kukuthi, ukulala kunye nememori ziphucukile xa ii-neurons ze-CRH PVN zivaliwe.
Iziphumo ezingentla zibonisa ukuba iziphumo ezimbi zoxinzelelo ekulaleni nasekukhumbuleni zilawulwa ziindlela ze-neuronal ze-CRH PVN . Oku kubalulekile. Ekubeni ukuthintela ii-neurons ze-CRH PVN ngexesha loxinzelelo kuphucula imisebenzi yokulala kunye nememori, unyango lweengxaki zokulala ezinxulumene noxinzelelo kunye nememori ngokuthintela iindlela ze-neuronal ze-CRH PVN lunokwenzeka kwixesha elizayo. Uphuhliso lwangoku linyathelo elincinci eliya phambili kuloo ndlela.
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Iingxelo:
- Wiest, A., okqhubekayo 2025. Indima ye-hypothalamic CRH neurons ekulawuleni impembelelo yoxinzelelo kwimemori kunye nokulala. Ijenali yeNeuroscience. Ipapashwe nge-9 Juni 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2146-24.2025
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 neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in the hypothalamus play a pivotal role in elevation of cortisol levels in response to stress however neuronal pathway is unknown. In a recent study on laboratory mice, researchers found that stimulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (CRHPVN) also produced disrupted sleep and impaired memory, similar to effects produced by the restraint stress, viz., both stress and stimulation of CRHPVN neurons produced same adverse effects on sleep and memory. Conversely, effects on sleep and memory were opposite, i.e., sleep and memory improved when CRHPVN neurons were blocked. The findings suggest that the adverse effects of stress on sleep and memory are regulated by CRHPVN neuronal pathways. Since inhibiting CRHPVN neurons during stress improves sleep and memory functions, targeting CRHPVN neuronal pathways may be a good strategy for treatment of stress-related sleep and memory disorders.){kind=link}