Ukuthathwa ngokugqithisileyo kweProtheyini yoKwakha uMzimba kunokuthi kube nempembelelo kwiMpilo kunye noBomi boBomi

Uphononongo olwenziwe kwiimpuku lubonisa ukuba ukutya kakhulu iiproteni zokutya eziqulethe inani elikhulu lee-amino acids (BCAAs) ixesha elide kunokubangela ukungalingani kwii-amino acids kunye nolawulo lomnqweno wokutya. Oku kuchaphazela impilo yemetabolism kwaye kubangela ukuncipha kwexesha lokuphila.

Ukutya okunempilo kufuneka kube nezixa ezilinganayo ze-macronutrients ( iiproteni , iicarbohydrate kunye namafutha), iifayibha, iivithamini kunye neeminerali. Uphando oluninzi lugxile ekubalulekeni kwezixa ezilinganayo zeproteni , amafutha kunye neecarbohydrate zokutya kwimpilo yethu elungileyo . Nakuphi na ukungalingani kwimilinganiselo yezi macronutrients ekutyeni kwethu kwaziwa ukuba kubangela impilo engentle.

Iproteni yi-macromolecule eyinkimbinkimbi eyenziwe zii-amino acids. Kukho ii-amino acids ezingama-20, apho ezisithoba zibalulekile ezinokwenza umzimba ukwazi ukwenza ezinye ezili-11 eziseleyo. Ii-amino acids ze-branched-chain (BCAAs) zenziwe zii-amino acids ezintathu kwezili-9 ezibalulekileyo - i-leucine, i-isoleucine kunye ne-valine. Imisipha, eyona nto iphambili ekwakheni umzimba yenziwe ziiproteni . Ii-BCAAs zahlulwe kwimisipha, zineekhalori eziphezulu kwaye zityiwa ngenxa yobunzima bemisipha ezibonelela ngayo. Ii-BCAAs zikhona ekutyeni kweproteni njengenyama ebomvu, amaqanda, iimbotyi, iilentils, iproteni yesoya njl.njl. kwaye zihlala zikhona kwizongezo zeproteni yokwakha umzimba ezityiwa emva kokuzilolonga okanye ukuzilolonga. Azikho izifundo ezaneleyo ezenziweyo ukuvavanya iziphumo ezimbi zokutya ii-BCAAs ezininzi. Imiphumo yazo yexesha elide kwimpilo kunye nobomi bomntu ayikaziwa.

Kwisifundo esapapashwa kwiNature Metabolism ngo-Epreli 29, 2019, abaphandi babejonge ukufumanisa indlela ukuphatha kakubi ii-BCAA zokutya ixesha elide okunokuba nefuthe ngayo kwimpilo nakubomi babo bonke. Kuvavanyo lwabo olwenziwe kwiimpuku, izilwanyana ezityiweyo ubomi bazo bonke (a) isixa esiqhelekileyo se-BCAAs oko kukuthi i-200 yepesenti (b) isiqingatha senani oko kukuthi i-50 yepesenti okanye (c) isinye kwisihlanu senani oko kukuthi i-20 yepesenti. Kunye, iimpuku zanikwa i-isocaloric, isixa esimiselweyo sezinye izakhamzimba ezinkulu - iicarbohydrates kunye namafutha. Ukutya ii-BCAAs ezigqithisileyo kukhokelele kumanani aphezulu e-BCAAs egazini kwaye oku kubonakala ngathi kuthintela ukuhanjiswa kwenye i-tryptophan engeyiyo i-BCAA ukuya engqondweni. I-Tryptophan yeyona nto iphambili ye-hormone serotonin enemiphumo yokuphakamisa imood kwaye ke ngoko ibalulekile ekukhuthazeni ubuthongo. Nje ukuba i-tryptophan ivalwe ukuba ingafikeleli engqondweni, oku kukhokelele ekunciphiseni amanqanaba e-serotonin ephakathi okubangela ukutya kakhulu (okanye i-hyperphagia) kwiimpuku ngokuyintloko ngenxa yokungalingani kwe-amino acid ngomlinganiselo owandisiweyo we-BCAAs:non-BCAAs. Ngoko ke, iimpuku zazitya kakhulu ukutya (kokubini amandla apheleleyo kunye nee-BCAA) – ezikwabizwa ngokuba kukutya okuhlawulelwayo – nto leyo eyabangela ukwanda kobunzima bomzimba kunye namafutha amaninzi nto leyo eyazenza zityebe kakhulu kwaye zinciphise ubomi bazo.

Olu phononongo lubonisa ukuba ubudlelwane phakathi kwamanqanaba anyukayo okujikeleza kwe-BCAAs egazini kunye neziphumo ezibi zempilo azibonakali zidibene nobutyhefu be-BCAA obungaphakathi okanye ubungozi. Ubudlelwane benziwa ngenxa yokusebenzisana phakathi kwe-BCAAs kunye nezinye i-amino acids ezibalulekileyo kwaye oku kwakukhokelela kwi-hyperphagia enkulu. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba ukuthatha ixabiso eliphezulu le-BCAAs yokutya ixesha elide kunye nezixa ezimiselweyo zezinye i-macronutrients kunokubangela i-hyperphagia eqhutywa kukungalingani kwe-amino acid kwaye ichaphazele impilo ye-metabolic kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokuphila. Nangona izixa eziphezulu ze-BCAAs zingenzeka kuzo zombini iimpuku ezisempilweni kunye nezingekho mpilweni. Ke ngoko, i-BCAA iyodwa ayinakuba yiyo kuphela i-biomarker yempilo ye-metabolic.

Uphononongo lwangoku luphinda lumisele ukubaluleka kokutya ukutya okunempilo okunesondlo okuneentlobo ngeentlobo zeemacronutrients, iifayibha, iivithamini kunye neeminerali kunye nokuthintela ukuthathwa kwezongezo ezingafunekiyo.

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Umthombo (s)

USolon-Biet SM et al. 2019. Ii-amino acids ezine-branched-chain zichaphazela impilo kunye nobomi ngokungathanga ngqo ngokulinganisela kwe-amino acid kunye nokulawula ukutya. I-Nature Metabolism. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-019-0059-2

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